秦朝的统一(绵阳师范学院陈东)分析.ppt

秦朝的统治
主讲:陈东
历史文化与旅游管理学院05级1班
Lady Meng Jiang Wailed at the Great Wall
The story of lady Meng Jiang has been passed down in China from generation to generation. It happened during the Qin Dynasty. At that time, the government ruled by Emperor Qin Shihuang, ordered the draft of building the Great Wall. Many young men were taken unwillingly to the construction site and forced to do restless hard work, until exhausted to death. Fan Xiliang was one of the death. Lady Mengjiang could not help crying and crying. Deep sorrow filled her heart and she did not stop wailing for three days and three nights.
All of a sudden, with a tremendous noise, a section of the Great Wall, several hundred miles in length, collapsed over her bitter wail, revealing a great number of bodies and bones. Meng Jiang’s tears dropped onto her husband’s dead body as she recognized it. She finally found him, but he could never see her again. She hugged his body and went to the nearby shore of BoHai. After saying farewell for the last time to her beloved husband in her mind, she jumped into the sea.
孟姜女哭长城——主人翁
范喜良
一、秦始皇简介
秦王嬴政,嬴姓,名政。秦庄襄王之子。13 岁即王位,39 岁称帝。战国末年,秦国实力最强, 已具备统一东方六国的条件秦王政初即位时,国政为相国吕不韦所把持。公元前 238 年, 他亲理国事, 免除吕不韦的相职, 并任用李斯等人。自公元前 230 年至前 221年, 先后灭韩、魏、楚、燕、赵、齐六国, 终于建立了中国历史上第一个统一的、多民族的、专制主义中央集权制国家-- 秦朝。公元前246年至公元前 210年在位。他是我国历史上杰出的地主阶级政治家
〈一〉国内:
(一)结束诸侯割据局面,完成封建国家的统一,是春秋战国以来历史发展的必然趋势。
1、从经济方面看,由于生产力的提高,社会经济的发展,使各地联系加强,这为统一的封建国家奠定了政治基础;
2、战国时期,各诸侯国大多数废除了分封制而实行县制,有的还实行中央集权制,从而为大一统的封建国家奠定了政治基础;
3、在民族关系方面,各民族间联系日益加强,以华夏族为中心,形成相当巩固的民族共同体;
4、广大劳动人民,渴望统一;
5、长期争霸战争,形成了局部统一。
二、秦统一中国的原因
(二)从秦国来说,具有完成统一的实力。
1、秦国商鞅变法比较彻底,建立了比较巩固的中央集权的封建国家;
2、秦国新兴地主阶级力量比较强,封建经济发展迅速,军队战斗力强;
3、秦国实行了远交近攻等正确策略;
4、秦王赢政本人的雄才大略。
〈二〉A GLOBALM HISTORY <<全球通史>>
(美)斯塔夫里阿诺斯
“The first of these revolutions was the work of the leaders of the northwest state of Ch’in in the WeiRiver valley .This location contributed to the victory, for the valley is largely essible and easy to defend. The Ch’in rulers were able