高分子双语课单体命名.ppt

该【高分子双语课单体命名 】是由【相惜】上传分享，文档一共【20】页，该文档可以免费在线阅读，需要了解更多关于【高分子双语课单体命名 】的内容，可以使用淘豆网的站内搜索功能，选择自己适合的文档，以下文字是截取该文章内的部分文字，如需要获得完整电子版，请下载此文档到您的设备，方便您编辑和打印。单体有机物的命名数字:Namingnonmetaloxidespounds一氧化碳、carbonmonoxide,氢化钠、sodiumhydride,Silicondioxide、Silica,Sulfurtrioxide,Carbontetrachloride,五***化磷、phosphoruspentachloride,二硫化碳、Carbondisulfide,五氧化二氮、nitrogenpentoxide,***化氢、hydrogenfluoride,Ammoniumbromide,trifluoromethane、fluoroform,Carbontrifluoride,碘化钾、Potussiumiodide,硼氢化钠、钠硼氢、Sodiumborohydride,硼、-MonoUni-dibisTri-TerTetra-QuadricPentaQuinqueHexaSexi-78910111213HeptaSepti-octananoDecaHendecaUndecadodecaTrideca14151617181920tetradecapentadecahexadecaheptadecaoctadecananodecaEi’’〕1、AcyclicHydrocarbons(脂肪族碳氢化合物)+2(alkanes)a.)UnbranchedThefirstfourmembershavesemi-trivialnames(俗名),,theending“–ane〞binedwiththeGreek(Latin)numericaltermforthenumberofC-atoms,(n=totalnumberofcarbonatoms)100:Hectane;132:Dotriacontahectane51:+1radicals(alkyls)CH4methane;CH3—methylethyl-“ane〞→“yl〞propane→propyl;Butane→butylPentane→pentyl;hexane→hexylHeptane→heptyl;octane→octylNonane→nonyl;decane→decylC33:tritriacontane三十三烷,(alkylidenes,alkylenes)(1)“ane〞→“ylidene〞(叉,亚基)H3C-CH=Ethylidene(乙叉,亚乙基)H3C-CH2-CH=Propylidene(2)Adivalentradicalwithtwoterminal‘yl’(撑):“ane〞→“ylene〞-CH2-:methylene;-CH2-CH2-:Ethylene〔乙撑〕(H2n-1radicalsCH≡〔ylidyne,次基,“川〞〕methylidyneCH3C≡ethylidyne〔次乙基,乙川〕.b)BranchedSaturatedbranchedacyclichydrocarbonisnamedby(1)choosingthelongestmainchain;and(2)prefixingthedesignationsofthesidechainstothenameofthemainchain(inalphabeticalorder)3-ethyl-2,7-dimethyl-4-propyloctan2,3,5-trimethylhexaneDimethylpentyl<(Alkadienesetc)CnH2n-2Alkynes(Alkadiynesetc)Alkane→alkene(alkadiene):“ane〞→“ene〞(adiene)Alkane→alkyne(alkadiyne):“ane〞→“yne〞(adiyne)“cyclo〞(饱和单环化合物).