01 2023高考英语一轮复习高考真题长难句精析一点通句子成分 句子的基本类型.pdf

该【01 2023高考英语一轮复习高考真题长难句精析一点通句子成分 句子的基本类型 】是由【青山代下】上传分享，文档一共【7】页，该文档可以免费在线阅读，需要了解更多关于【01 2023高考英语一轮复习高考真题长难句精析一点通句子成分 句子的基本类型 】的内容，可以使用淘豆网的站内搜索功能，选择自己适合的文档，以下文字是截取该文章内的部分文字，如需要获得完整电子版，请下载此文档到您的设备，方便您编辑和打印。专题01句子成分-----高考真题例句句子成分:主语,谓语,宾语,定语,状语,补语,表语,同位语一、主语主语:是执行句子的行为或动作的主体,是句子中的陈述对象。(一般位于句子的开头,但有时侯在特定句式中可能省略或倒装。充当:名词(短语),代词,数词,动名词(短语),动词不定式(短语),主语从句等。。,please?,谁在讲话?我是丽丽。。。’。真题例句:1(.2022全国乙卷)In1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfromAuburn,.—DorothyWoodruffandRosamondUnderwood—traveledtoasettlementintheRockyMountainstoteachinaone-roomschoolhouse.(名词短语做主语)2.(2020全国卷II满分作文)Takingpartinafruitpickingactivityonafarmismeaningfulandrewarding.(动名词短语作主语)3.(2022全国乙卷)Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalsostartprovidinghigher-valueservicesforrailways,detectingfaultsintherailorswitches,beforetheycancauseanysafetyproblems.(名词短语做主语)4.(2022全国乙卷满分作文)WhatbenefitsmosttotheirstudyisreadingEnglishbooks.(主语从句作主语)5(.2022全国甲卷)PresentingthebestoftheWestEndalongwiththepickoftheUK’stouringshows,theNewTheatreisCardiff’soldestsurvivingtraditionaltheatre.(名词作主语)6.(2022全国甲卷)ThisexhibitionofsomesixtymasterpiecescelebratingthelifeandworkofScotland'sbestlovedpainter,estoLondon.(名词短语做主语)二、谓语谓语:是对主语动作状态或特征的陈述或说明一般在主语之后。充当:谓语经常用动词或动词词组来充当。:由一个实意动词或动词短语构成。:由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。由系动词加表语构成。真题例句:1.(2022全国甲卷)ThisexhibitionofsomesixtymasterpiecescelebratingthelifeandworkofScotland'sbestlovedpainter,estoLondon.(实义动词做谓语)2.(2022全国乙卷)Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalsostartprovidinghigher-valueservicesforrailways,detectingfaultsintherailorswitches,beforetheycancauseanysafetyproblems.(情态动词+实义动词做谓语)3.(2022全国乙卷满分作文)ItcaneasilybeseenthatthepercentageofstudentswhoselisteningtoEnglishsongsandwatchingEnglishmoviesisrespectively65%and50%.(情态动词+实义动词作谓语,并列句系动词做谓语)4.(2022全国甲卷)Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage.(情态动词+实义动词作谓语)5.(2022全国甲卷)Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues(线索),oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.(系动词作谓语)6.(2020全国卷II)Failuretoprovideenoughchaperones(监护人)willresultinanextrachargeof$50perabsentadult.(情态动词+实义动词作谓语)7.(2022全国乙卷)Aspeciallowentrancechargeoff2perpersonisavailabletoallinfull-timeeducation,uptoandincludingthoseatfirstdegreelevel,anisedgroupswithteachers.(系动词作谓语)三、宾语宾语是指一个动作(动词)的接受者。宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语两大类。充当:名词(短语),代词宾格,数词,动名词(短语),动词不定式(短语),宾语从句等。真题例句:1.(2022全国乙卷)...,dronescouldalsostartprovidinghigher-valueservicesforrailways,detectingfaultsintherailorswitches,beforetheycancauseanysafetyproblems.(动名词短语做宾语)2.(2022全国乙卷)ScottishNationalPortrait(肖像画)Gallerypresentsaseriesoflecturesforthegeneralpublic.(名词短语做宾语)3.(2020全国卷II)Manyyoungpeopledon’tevenrealizeit’snew.(宾语从句做宾语)4.(2022新高考全国卷II)AsGinniBazlintonreachedAntarctica,shefoundherselfgreetedbyagroupoflittleGentoopenguins(企鹅)longingtosayhello.(代词做宾语)5.(2022全国甲卷)ThenIturnedthepageandcontinued.(名词做宾语)6.(2020全国乙卷)Whatmakestheapplicationofdronestoraillinespossible?(名词短语做宾语)四、表语表语:跟在be动词或系动词后面,用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态。充当:名词,形容词,数词,分词,动词不定式(短语),方位副词,介词短语表语从句等。系动词:be,e,get,grow,turn,seem,look,sound,taste,feel,smell等真题例句:1.(2022全国乙卷)Helpingthenextgenerationtohaveahealthyandactivechildhoodisofgreatimportance.(介词短语作表语)2.(2022新高考全国卷II)Forthem,it’sjustnormal.(形容词作表语)3.(2020新课标山东卷)Needlesstosay,theyweredeeplymoved.(分词作表语)4.(2020全国卷II)Thatispartlybecausepeoplearedrivingmore,butMarkRosekind,thechiefoftheNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministration,saiddistracted(分心)drivingwas“onlyincreasing,unfortunately.”(表语从句作表语)5.(2020全国乙卷)Itisalsohelpfulforyoutobeafriendshipkeeper.(形容词作表语)五、定语定语:用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。充当:形容词、数词、名词、形容词性物主代词、介词短语、非谓语动词或定语从句等充当。位置:前置和后置两种情况。非谓语短语,定语从句,介词短语,形容词短语等作定语时,常置于被修饰词之后。1.(2022全国乙卷)Fruitjuices,milk-baseddrinksandmostalcoholicdrinksarefreeofthetax.(名词,非谓语分词作定语)2.(2022新高考全国卷II)idents,whichhadfallenforyears,arenowrisingsharply.(定语从句做后置定语)3.(2020全国甲卷)Throughouthercareer(职业)asaprofessionaldancer,shetouredintheUK.(介词短语作后置定语)4.(2022全国乙卷)Toperformthesetasks,dronesforraildon'tneedtobeflyingoverhead.(代词,介词作后置定语)5.(2022全国乙卷)Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,theycouldsignalanyproblem,sothatfast-movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.(非谓语,代词,非谓语分词作定语)六、状语状语:用来说明事情发生的地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式或伴随等,说明动作或状态特征的句子成分叫作状语。充当:副词、介词短语、动词不定式,、非谓语、状语从句等充当。位置:行踪飘忽不定,却对动词“情有独钟”。修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。通常在句子后,强调时放在句首。修饰形容词或副词时,通常位于被修饰词之前。表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头,强调时放在句首。地点状语一般放在时间状语之前。一些表示频度的副词(如often,almost等)作状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后、实义动词之前。真题例句:1.(2022新高考全国卷II)idents,whichhadfallenforyears,arenowrisingsharply.(副词做状语)2.(2020全国甲卷)Throughouthercareer(职业)asaprofessionaldancer,shetouredintheUK(介词短语作状语)3.(2022全国乙卷)Toperformthesetasks,dronesforraildon'tneedtobeflyingoverhead.(动词不定式短语作目的状语)4.(2022全国乙卷)Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,theycouldsignalanyproblem,sothatfast-movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.(介词短语,状语从句作状语)5.(2020全国卷II)puterwhichwasloadedwithcolorfulealivewhenyoupokethem.(副词,介词短语,时间状语从句做状语)6.(2022全国甲卷)ediesontourandbrilliantlivemusic,youshouldstarthere.(条件状语从句做状语)七、补语(宾语补足语)补语:在英语中有些及物动词,接了宾语意义仍不完整。还需要有一个其他的句子成分,来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等,简称宾补。充当:由名词,形容词,副词,不定式短语,分词,介词短语或从句充当。位置:位于宾语之后。1.(2022高考全国甲卷)Caobelievesthiswillmakethehikingtripevenmoremeaningful.(形容词做宾补)2.(2020浙江卷)WesincerelywishyouaquickrecoveryandanearlyreturntoChina.(名词短语作宾补)3.(2019江苏卷)LijiangwillmaketheChineseculturebetterknowntoBritishstudents.(过去分词短语作宾补)4.(2022高考全国乙卷)ThisexhibitionofsomesixtymasterpiecescelebratingthelifeandworkofScotland'sbestlovedpainter,estoLondon.(名词作同位语)5.(2019天津卷满分作文)I’mLiJin,astudentatChenguangHighSchool.(名词作同位语)句子的基本类型(按结构)一简单句只有一个主谓或并列主谓结构的句子称之为简单句。1.(2022全国甲卷)PresentingthebestoftheWestEndalongwiththepickoftheUK’stouringshows,theNewTheatreisCardiff’.(2022全国甲卷)ThisexhibitionofsomesixtymasterpiecescelebratingthelifeandworkofScotland'sbestlovedpainter,(一)主语+,drinkandeat.(二)主语+谓语+.(三)主语+系动词+.(四)主语+谓语+间接宾语+.(五)主语+谓语+?,but,or,so等连词连接两个或两个以上的主谓结构。1.(2022全国乙卷)Canasmallgroupofdrones(无人机)guaranteethesafetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand,atthesametime,helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuroseachyear?,orwe’,一个或一个以上的连接处引导的从句一起称之为主从复合句。1.(2022全国乙卷)ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,.(2022全国乙卷)FirstannouncedinApril,2016,thetaxwhichappliestosoftdrinkscontainingmorethan5gofsugarper100ml,wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodobesity(肥胖).3.(2022全国甲卷)ediesontourandbrilliantlivemusic,youshouldstarthere.