桥梁裂缝产生原因浅析 毕业设计外文翻译.pdf

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】的内容，可以使用淘豆网的站内搜索功能，选择自己适合的文档，以下文字是截取该文章内的部分文字，如需要获得完整电子版，请下载此文档到您的设备，方便您编辑和打印。:..Inrecentyears,apitalconstructionofourprovincegetsswiftandviolentdevelopment,,,iftakecertaindesignandconstructionmeasure,,isitpreventprojectfromendangerlargercracktotryone'sbest,thistextmakeanmoreoverallanalysis,summarytoconcretekindandreasonofproduction,bridgeofcrackasmuchaspossible,inordertodesign,constructandfindoutthefeasiblemethodwhichcontrolthecrack,,origincauseofformationInfact,theorigincauseofplicatedandvarious,evenmanykindsoffactorsinfluenceeachother,,onitsreasontoproduce,canroughlydivideseveralkindsasfollows:(1),summinguphasdirectstresscracks,,1,Designthestageofcalculating,doesnotcalculateorleaksandcalculatespartlywhilecalculatinginstructure;Calculatethemodelisunreasonable;ordedwithbystrengthactuallybystrength;Loadandcalculateorleakandcalculatefew;Internalforceandmatchingtheputationofmuscle;;Itisinsufficienttodesignthesection;Itissimplylittleandassigningthemistakeforreinforcingbartoset:..up;Structurerigidityisinsufficient;Constructanddealwithimproperly;Thedesigndrawingcannotbeexplainedclearlyetc..2,Constructionstage,doesnotpileupandconstructthemachines,materiallimiting;Isitprefabricatestructurestructurereceivestrengthcharacteristic,standup,isithang,transport,installtogetupatwilltounderstand;ordingtothedesigndrawing,altertheconstructionorderofthestructurewithoutauthorization,changethestructureandreceivethestrengthmode;,Usingstage,theheavy-dutyvehiclewhichgoesbeyondthedesignloadpassesthebridge;Receivethecontact,strikingofthevehicle,shipping;Strongwind,heavysnow,earthquakehappen,explodeetc..,1,Indesignoutsideloadfunction,becauseactualworkingstateandroutine,structureofthingcalculatehavediscrepancyorisitconsidertocalculate,,theorycalculateplacethiscanstorecurvedsquarein,butrealityshouldisitcanresistcurvedstilltocutwithscissors,,Bridgestructureisitdigtrough,turnonhole,setupoxleg,,urateonediagrammatictoisitisitcalculatetoimitatetogoonincalculatinginroutine,,afterbeingdugtheholebythestrengthcomponent,itwillproducethediffractionphenomenonthatstrengthflows,intensiveneartheholeinautensil,,ordingtotheneedsofsectioninternalforceinstepping,setuptheanchorhead,,incornerorcomponentformsuddenchangeoffice,,stresscrackonceproducedthemost:..,splittingoff,,onlyoo,butwithmoderntocalculateconstantperfectionofmeans,,creeping,etc.,department'sfiniteelementprocedurecalculateslevelspolecorrectlynow,,shouldpayattentiontoavoidingstructuresuddenchange(orsectionsuddenchange),whenitisunabletoavoid,shoulddopartdealwith,cornerforinstance,makeroundhorn,suddenchangeofficemakeintothegradationransition,isitisitmixmuscletoconstructtostrengthenatthesametime,cornermixagainobliquetoreinforcingbar,,,isitgetupcoverorhavealongkeepintoshortcrackofdirectiontoappearpersonwhopress,oftenthestructurereachesthesignofbearingtheweightofstrengthlimit,itisanomenthatthestructureisdestroyed,,thecrackcharacteristicproducedisasfollows:1,,theintervalisequalonthewhole,,lieinthesecond-,,,,canseeshortersecond-,therearefewbutwidecracks,fragilitydestructionmaytakeplaceinthestructure4,:..ponentwhilebeingpartialwhilebeingpartial,,,,,theobliquecrackwhichisgreaterthan45??directionappearsalongthebellyofroofbeamend;Isitisitisitdestroytopresstocuttohappenwhenthehoopmuscleisproper,underpartisitinvite45??,ponentonesidebellyappearmanydirectionobliquecrack,45??oftreaty,first,,??directioninclinedplanedrawandsplittotakeplacealongcolumncapboard,,,lookonastheexternalenvironmentconditionorthestructuretemperaturechanges,concretetakeplaceoutofshape,ifoutofshapetorestrainfrom,producethestressinthestructure,-pathamongthebridge,,tocausetemperatureandchange1,,butchangerelativelyslowly,theimpactonstructureofthebridgeismainlytheverticaldisplacementwhichcausesthebridge,canpropupseatmoveorsetupflexiblemound,,throughbridgefloorexpansionjointgenerally,cancausetemperaturecrackonlywhenthedisplacementofthestructureislimited,forexamplearchedbridge,.:..Consideringthecreepcharacteristicoftheconcrete,,,thegirderorthepier,temperatureisobviouslyhigherthanotherposition,,causepartdrawstresstoberelativelyheavy,,temperatureofcracktolowerthetemperaturesuddenly3,,coldairattack,sunset,,,concreteelasticmouldamountdoesnotconsiderconvertingintoandreducing4,,thelargevolumeconcrete(),afterbuildingbecausecementwatersendoutheat,causeinsideverymuchhightemperature,theinternalandexternaldifferenceintemperatureistoolarge,,isitchooseheatofhydrationlowcementvarietytotryone'sbest,limitcementunit'sconsumption,reducetheaggregateandenterthetemperatureofthemould,reducetheinternalandexternaldifferenceintemperature,andlowerthetemperatureslowly,canadoptthecirculationcoolingsystemtocarryontheinsidetodispeltheheatincaseofnecessity,,Theconstructionmeasureisimproperatthetimeofsteammaintenanceorthewinterconstruction,theconcreteissuddenandcoldandsuddenandhot,internalandexternaltemperatureisuneven,,PrefabricateTroofbeamhorizontalbafflewhentheinstallation,propupseatburystencilplatewithtransferflatstencilplatewhenweldinginadvance,ifweldmeasuretobeimproper,,prestressingforcesteeltemperaturecanriseto350degreesCentigrade,theconcrete:..,arecausedtheintensityofconcretethatthehightemperatureburnstoobviouslyreducewithrisingoftemperaturebysuchreasonsasthefire,etc.,hereuponofstrengthofreinforcingbarandconcrete,tensilestrengthdropby50%afterconcretetemperaturepressionstrengthdropsby60%,glueingthestrengthofformingtodropby80%ofonlyroundreinforcingbarandconcrete;Becauseheat,concretebodydissociateinkevaporateandcanproduceandshrinksharplyinalargeamountIntheactualproject,,plasticityshrinkisititshrinks(isitcontracttodo)tobethemainreasonthatthevolumeofconcreteoutofshapehappenstoshrink,,concretehappens,thecementwaterresponseisfierceatthismoment,thestrandtakesshapegradually,secretewaterandmoisturetoevaporatesharply,atesandshrinks,itisatthesametimeconductoneselfwithdignitynotsinkingbecauseaggregate,sowhenhardenconcreteyet,,canbeuptoabout1%.Ifstoppedbythereinforcingbarwhiletheaggregatesinks,,roofbeamofTandroofbeamofcaseandcarrybaseplatehandoveresectionalplace,,itshouldcontrolbywaterdustwhenbeingconstructthan,lastlong-timemixing,unloadingshouldnottooquick,isitisittakecloselyknittosmashtoshake,(doandcontract).Aftertheconcreteisformedhard,asthetoplayermoistureisevaporatedprogressively,thehumidityisreducedprogressively,thevolumeofconcreteisreduced,iscalledandshrunktoshrink(doandcontract).Becauseconcretetoplayermoisturelosssoon,itisslowforinsidetolose,producesurfaceshrinkheavy,inside:..shrinkalightoneeventoshrink,itisoutofshapetorestrainfrombytheinsideconcreteforsurfacetoshrink,causethesurfaceconcretetobearpullingforce,whenthesurfaceconcretebearspullingforcetoexceeditstensilestrength,