托福学科词汇大全.pdf

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】的内容，可以使用淘豆网的站内搜索功能，选择自己适合的文档，以下文字是截取该文章内的部分文字，如需要获得完整电子版，请下载此文档到您的设备，方便您编辑和打印。:..--地理GEOGRAPHYcoralisland珊瑚岛quartz石英geography地理insular海岛的limestone石灰岩geographer地理学家islet小岛marble石hemisphere半球peninsular半岛granite花岗岩meridian子午线,经线ledge暗礁lithogenous岩成的parallel平行圈,纬线remote-sensing遥感的lithosphere岩石圈latitude纬度terrain地域mineral矿物longitude经度terrestrial地球的,陆地的ore矿石elevation海拔terrestrialheat(geothermal)deposit矿床altitude高度地热platinum白金,铂ismsilver银equator赤道(ism)地磁copper黄铜Arctic北极subterranean(underground)aluminum铝Antarctic(Antarctica)南极地底下tin锡expedition探险evaporation蒸发lead铅navigation航海salinity含盐度zinc锌topography地形,地形学sediment沉淀物,沉积物nickel镍continent大陆tropics热带地区mercury***,水银continentalshelf大陆架tropical热带的sodium钠continentaldrift大陆漂移说temperate温带的fieldstone卵石plain平原temperatelatitudes温带地gem宝石plateau(highland)高地区diamond钻石lowland低地frigid寒带的emerald绿宝石basin盆地frostheaving冻胀现象ruby红宝石cavern(cave)洞穴[编辑]地质crystal水晶oasis(沙漠)绿洲geology地质学glacier冰川cleft(flaw)裂缝geologist地质学家glacial冰川的crevice(rift;slit)裂缝crust地壳glacialepoch(age,period)summit山顶mantle地幔冰川期range(山)脉core地核glacialdrift冰渍valley峡谷continentalcrust大陆地壳iceberg冰山rust海洋地壳volcano火山canyon峡谷layer(stratum,复strata)地activevolcano活火山channel(strait)海峡层extinctvolcano死火山marine(maritime;oceanic)plate板块dormantvolcano休眠火山海的fault断层eruption火山喷发tide潮汐ebb(away)退潮faultplane断层面crater火山口sea-floorspreading海床扩faultzone断层带lava(magma)火山岩浆展rift(crack;split)断裂magma岩浆oceanbottom海床fossil化石volcanic火山的coastland沿海地区petrify石化,硬化volcanicdust火山尘contour轮廓;海岸线igneousrock火成岩volcanicash火山灰continentalisland大陆岛sedimentaryrock沉积岩earthquake(quake;tremor;volcanicisland火山岛metamorphicrock变质岩seism)地震--.可修编-.:..--seismic地震的solarsystem太阳系spacedebris太空垃圾seismology地震学solarradiation太阳辐射ammonia氨magnitude震级solarcorona日冕absolutemagnitude绝对量seismicwave地震波chromosphere色球级cataclysm灾变photosphere光球high-resolution高清晰度[编辑]天文convectionzone对流层interferometer干扰仪ASTRONOMY天文学radiativezone辐射层[编辑]气象astronomy天文学thermonuclearenergycoreMeteorology气象astronomical天文的巨大的solareclipse日食meteorology气象行星meteorologist气象学家oid(asteroid)小行星forecast(predict)预报ary行星间的barometer/indicator气压计astrophysics天文物理学satellite卫星climate气候astrology占星学lunar月球的balmy(moderate)温和的pseudoscience伪科学meteor流星tepid(lukewarm)微温的infinite无限的meteorshower流星雨chilly寒冷的vacuum真空meteoroid流星体frigid严寒的cosmos(universe)宇宙meteorite陨石serene晴朗的cosmology宇宙学chondrite球粒状陨石atmosphere大气层cosmic(universal)宇宙的et彗星troposphere对流层cosmicradiation宇宙辐射revolve旋转,绕转current(气)流radiation辐射spin旋转vapor蒸汽emission发射,散发orbit轨道evaporate蒸发cosmicrays宇宙射线twinkle闪烁damp(wet;dank;moist;humid)infraredray红外线nakedeye肉眼潮湿的celestial天的天体的Mercury水星humidity湿度celestialbody(heavenlybody)Venus金星moisture潮湿;水分天体Earth地球saturate饱和celestialmap/skyatlas天体Mars火星dew露图Jupiter木星frost霜celestialsphere天球Saturn土星fog(mist)雾space空间Uranus天王星smog烟雾planeroid位面Neptune海王星droplet小水珠constellation星座Pluto冥王星condense浓缩cluster星团space(outerspace)太空,外crystal水晶体结晶状的nebula星云层空间downpour/torrentialrain大雨galaxy星系,银河spacecraftspaceship宇宙飞tempest(storm)暴风雨intergalactic星系间的船drizzle细雨MilkyWay银河系spaceman/astronaut宇航员,shower阵雨dwarf(dwarfstar)白矮星航天员hail冰雹quasar类星体,类星射电源spacesuit宇航服,航天服blizzard(snowstorm)暴风雪star恒星spaceshuttle航天飞机avalanche(snowslide)雪崩stellar恒星的spacetelescope空间望远镜precipitation(雨、露、雪interstellar恒星间的astronaut宇航员等)降水--.可修编-.:..--breeze微风blend混合器blast/gust一阵neutralize中和explosive爆炸的;炸药gale大风bination化合组合explode(使)爆炸whirlwind旋风pound化合物blast爆破typhoon台风hydrocarbon碳氢化合物kindle(ignite)燃起hurricane飓风hydronic液体循环加热/冷sear烧灼tornado(twister,cyclone)龙却intermediary媒介物卷风catalysis(复catalyses)催化funnel漏斗,漏斗云derivative衍生物作用disastercalamity,catastrophealchemy炼金术catalyst催化剂灾难petroleum(oil)石油artificial人造的devastation破坏petroleumproducts石油产synthetic合成的submerge淹没品syntheticfiber人造纤维drought旱灾crudeoil原油plastic塑料arid干旱的refine提炼,精炼polymer聚合物[编辑]化学impurity杂质polymerization聚合作用chemistry化学gasoline汽油dye(pigment)染料染色biochemistry生化methane甲烷tint上色chemicalproperty化学特性,disintegration(deposition)分scorch使褪色化学性质解bleach漂白chemicalposition(makeup)erosion腐蚀cosmetics化妆品化学成分hackneyed腐的物理constitute构成组成caustic腐蚀性的PHYSICS物理学constituent/ponent成分corrode腐蚀physics物理chemicalagent化学试剂stale腐的mechanics力学chemicalreaction化学反应rust生锈thermodynamics热力学chemicalchange化学变化solution溶液acoustics声学ism电磁学chemicalapparatu化学器械solvent溶剂optics光学substance(matter;material)solubility可溶性dynamics动力学物质cohesive聚合力statics静力学element元素cohesion附着力relativity相对性相关性相对periodictable周期表adhesive粘合力论ammonia氨氨水molecule分子dimension尺度维hydrogen氢atom原子boundary边界oxygen氧nuclear原子的brim/edge/rim/brink边缘nitrogen氮nucleus原子核force力helium氦electron电子pressure压力carbon碳neutron中子impetus推动力calcium钙proton质子velocity速度silicon硅molecule分子expedite加速eleration加速度elerate加速elerator粒子加速decelerate减速--.可修编-.:..--horizontal水平sonar声纳telescope望远镜declivity下倾的斜面ultrasonics超声学magnifier放大镜precipitate向下投掷electricity电spectrum光谱motion运动staticelectricity静电wavelength波长ism磁性磁力磁学ultraviolet紫外线磁体XraysX射线电磁Gammaraysγ射线icfield磁场infraredrays红外线urrent电流microwaves微波attrition磨损directcurrent(DC)直流电dispersion色散chafe/scrape擦热alternatingcurrentAC交流电transparent透明ircuit电路translucent半透明harge电荷opaque不透明的temperature温度electricvoltage电压patible兼容的thermometer温度计electricshock触电elasticity弹性centigrade摄氏的electricappliance电器chaos/disorder混乱fusion溶合conductor导体clutter混乱(使)混乱thaw(使)溶化融解insulator绝缘体[编辑]数学sublimate使升华semiconductor半导体MATHEMATICSdistillation蒸馏battery(cell)电池mathematics数学colt(使)凝块drybattery干电池mathematician数学家foam泡沫storagebattery蓄电池arithmetic算术density密度electronics电子学calculate(count)计算liquid液体electronic电子的calculation计算dilute稀释冲淡electronicponent(part)电子calculator计算器dehydrate(使)脱水零件calculus微积分evaporate蒸发integratedcircuit集成电路differentialcalculus微分学evaporation蒸发作用chip集成电器片,集成块integralcalculus积分学ventilation通风electrontube电子管abacus算盘release释放vacuumtube真空管numeral数字discharge释放transistor晶体管digit数字,数位diffuse传播扩散shrink收缩enumerate/numerate计数emit/eject发出放射amplification(名词)放大even偶数radiate射出amplify(动词)放大odd奇数transpire发散排出amplifier放大器,扬声器sum和medium(media)媒质quiver/jar震动total总和,总数frequency频率vibration震动aggregate总计band波段oscillation震荡fraction分数,小数wavelength波长optical光(学)的percentage百分比pitch音高opticalfiber光学纤维quarter四分之一intensity强度lens透镜,镜片decimal十进位,(十进)小数echo回声convex凸透镜addition加法resonance回声,反响concave凹透镜plus加上正的acoustic音响的microscope显微镜subtraction减法--.可修编-.:..--minus减去负的perpendicular垂直的氧层subtract/deduct减去square正方形ultravioletradiatio紫外辐射multiplication乘法rectangle长方形,矩形contaminate(defile)污染multiplicationtable乘法表polygon多边形pollutioncontrol污染控制multiply乘以loop圈,环airpollution空气污染times乘以circle圆形waterpollution水污染power乘方circular循环的,圆的noisepollution噪音污染square平方circulation循环soilpollution土壤污染division除法circumference圆周pollution-free无污染divide除以circuitous迂回的pollutant污染物algebra代数ellipse(oval)椭圆形noxious(toxic)有毒的equation方程式,等式volume体积fume/fumes(有毒)废气formula公式bulk容积solidwaste固体垃圾root根cube立方形sewage(wastewater)污水function函数cubic立方体的sewagepurificatio污水净化probability概率sphere球形sewagedisposal污水处理statistics统计cone圆锥形decibel(噪音)分贝ratio/proportion比率column圆柱柱状物[编辑]农林畜牧estimate/gauge估计caliber口径agriculture(farming)农业evaluate估计评价diameter直径agricultural农业的variant/variable变量radius半径agrarian土地的,农业的discrete不连续的离散的triangle三角形land(soil)土壤;土地dispersion离差差量angle角soilconservation土壤保护symmetry对称(性)匀称degree(角)度soilerosion泥土流失quantity表示量的数或符号生态环境silt粉砂,泥沙quantitative量的,数量的ECOLOGY生态学clay黏土,湿土qualitative质的,质量的ecologist生态学家clod土块deduction(inference)推论,ecosystem生态系统barren贫瘠演绎balance(ofnature)自然界prolific/luxuriant多产的induction归纳生态平衡fertile肥沃的rank排序排行等级scenic景色优美的arable适于耕种的sequence序列scenery景色indigenous土产的当地的dual二重的两层的puddle小水洼pilot(experimental)试验性的diagram图表creek/brook小溪harrow(rake)耙,耙土geometry几何trickle滴ridge田埂geometric几何的crystal/limpid清澈的furrow犁沟figure图形形状niche小生态环境plot(patch),牧场intersect相交rainforest雨林plantation种植园人造林dimension维foodchain食物链ranch大农场经营农场area面积acidrain酸雨orchard果园facet平面greenhouseeffect温室效应nursery苗圃quadrilateral四边形infraredradiatio红外线辐射seedbed苗床vertical/plumb/upright/ozonelayer(ozonosphere)臭sickle镰刀--.可修编-.:..--spade铲,锹pepper辣椒creature生物shovel(平头)铲pumpkin(squash)anism生物有机物pick稿tomato西红柿microbe微生物tractor拖拉机beet甜菜scavenger食腐动物cultivate(till)耕作carrot胡萝卜rot腐烂husbandry耕种管理radish小红萝卜decay(使)***animalhusbandry畜牧业pea豌豆respiration呼吸sow(seed)播种soybean大豆metabolism新代harvest收割celery芹菜secrete分泌weed除草garlic大蒜secretion分泌物irrigate灌溉leek韭菜assimilate吸收manure(fertilizer)肥料onion洋葱头vital活的活体的spray喷洒(农药)potato土豆anatomy解剖学insecticide(pesticide)杀虫剂peanut花生microscope显微镜an器官rust锈病cotton棉花vestige退化器官,遗迹weed杂草除草animalhusbandry畜牧业spleen脾脏grain(cereal)谷物,谷粒pasture牧场calorie卡路里granary(grainstore)粮仓graze放牧fat(grease)脂肪barn谷仓畜棚livestock家畜carbohydrate(starch)碳水mill碾,磨fowl(poultry)家禽化合物(淀粉),糖类wheat小麦cattle牛,家畜glucose葡萄糖corn玉米buffalo野牛starch淀粉rice大米dairy(dairycattle)奶牛fat脂肪barley大麦dairyfarm乳牛场protein蛋白质sorghum高粱trot(马)小跑vitamin维他命oats燕麦hay(作饲料用)干草malnourished营养不良的rye黑麦haystack干草堆class纲millet粟,小米fodder(feed)饲料order目fermentation发酵trough饲料槽family科vegetable蔬菜barn(shed)牲口槽genus属horticulture园艺学stable厩,马厩suborder亚目hydroponics水栽法,营养cowshed牛棚species种液栽培法pigpen(hogpen,pigsty)猪圈species物种greenhouse(glasshouse,sheepfold(sheeppen)羊栏subsist/exist生存hotbed)温室roost(henhouse)(reproduce)繁殖oli花椰菜naturalselection自然选择proliferate繁衍cucumber黄瓜evolve(使)进化发展propagate繁殖传播eggplant茄子evolutionary进化的posterity后代--.可修编-.:..--ripe植物成熟trapper诱捕动物者starfish海星mature动物成熟munity动物群落或人的部jellyfish水母symbiotic共生的落oyster牡蛎蚝immune免除的,免疫的gregarious群居的clam蛤immunity免疫horde(昆虫等)群scale鳞片hygiene卫生swarm(昆虫等)群beast野兽sanitation卫生flock(鸟,羊等)群fertilize使…受精parasite寄生虫herd兽群hatch孵necrosis坏死bunch(花等)束,捧spawn(鱼、虾、蛙)孵(产futile无用的dinosaur恐龙卵)[编辑]动植物extinction灭绝pregnant怀孕的[编辑]动物mammal哺乳动物offspring(young)子后代strain(动物昆虫)种血统hump驼峰regeneration再生homotherm恒温动物dolphin海豚domesticate驯养poikilotherm变温动物porpoise海豚camouflage伪装invertebrate无脊椎动物whale鲸鱼mimicry拟态vertebrate脊椎动物rhinoceros犀牛hibernate冬眠spine脊骨bat蝙蝠dormant休眠的spineless无脊椎的beaver海狸migrate迁移aquatic(life)水生动物sloth树懒fluffy绒毛的reptile爬行动物slothful懒惰的fuzzy有绒毛的,绒毛状amphibian(amphibiousprimates灵长目动物wing翅膀,翼animal)两栖动物gorilla大猩猩bill(鸟)嘴rodent啮齿动物(如松鼠)chimpanzee黑猩猩beak(鹰等的)嘴primate灵长动物baboon狒狒nest筑巢plankton浮游生物insect昆虫canary金丝雀mollusk软体动物antenna(复antennae)触须chirp(鸟,虫的叫声)唧唧coelenterate腔肠动物(珊tentacle触角squeak(老鼠等)吱吱瑚)larva幼虫,幼体[编辑]植物monogamous一夫一妻的,larvae(复)幼虫botany植物学一雄一雌的pest害虫botanist植物学家polygamous一夫多妻的,一worm虫,蠕虫botanical(botanic)植物的雄多雌的caterpillar毛虫plant植物polyandrous一妻多夫的,moth蛾aquaticplant水生植物一雌多雄的lizard蜥蜴parasiteplant寄生植物appetite食欲chameleon变色蜥蜴fern蕨类植物stodgy难消化的turtle龟shade树荫herbivorous食草的shrimp小虾canopy树冠层,顶棚carnal***的prawn对虾foliage(leaf)叶carnivorous食肉的lobster对虾leaflet小叶omnivorous杂食的crab螃蟹rosette(叶的)丛生predatory/--.可修编-.:..--seeds种子bore腔,肠originate起源于everlasting永久的rosette玫瑰形饰物aboriginal土著,原来的pollen花粉授粉给orchid兰花淡紫色ascend追溯pollinate授粉sequoia红杉美洲杉ancestor祖先crossbreed杂交laurel月桂树forerunner(predecessor)先驱shoot(sprout)嫩芽,抽枝[编辑]人类社会germinate发芽archaeology考古学descent(ancestry)血统bud芽发芽花蕾archeologist考古学家hybrid杂种,混血flower花anthropology人类学hominid原始人类petal花瓣ethnology人种学,人类文化homogeneous同一种族(种column花柱学类)的peel(skin)果皮ethnic种族的shell(硬)果壳去壳anthropologist人类学家ethics伦理学husk(干)果壳(玉米)苞叶paleoanthropologist古人类human人类的;人性的timber木材木料学家juvenile青少年的log圆木adult***,***的(mature)trunk树干ecologicalanthropologist生patriarchal家长的族长的branch树枝态人类学家marital婚姻的bough大或者粗的树枝psychologicalanthropologisthousehold家庭家族twig小树枝心理人类学家status地位bark树皮unearth发掘发现genteel上流社会的peel剥削剥落scoop汲取挖掘convention传统herb香草药草exhume掘出taboo禁忌禁止lawn草坪excavation挖掘institutionalize使制度化meadow草地,牧场excavate(unearth)挖掘tribe部落;clan氏族prairie大草原ruins遗迹,废墟munity社区社会公社jungle丛林relic遗物,文物urban城市的shrub(bush)灌木remnant残余;遗迹rustic乡村的shrub灌木artifact手工艺品metropolitan首都/大城市的cluster一簇(灌木)丛生porcelain瓷器exotic外来的异国风味的bunch串束archaic古的[编辑]政治photosynthesis光合作用antique古物,古董POLITICS政治symbiotic共生的antiquity古代,古老constitution宪法symbiosis共生primitive原始的最初的legislation立法wither(shrivel,fade)凋StoneAge石器时代Democrats党pollen花粉BronzeAge(青)铜器时代Republi