2017-2018学年高中英语 专题Unit 4 Earthquakes 3 Grammar Writing试题（含解析）新人教版必修1.doc

专题Unit 4 Earthquakes 3 Grammar Writing
Grammar:定语从句(I)
关系代词引导的定语从句
定语从句在整个句子中担任定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
1. 关系词
关系代词:who, whom, whose, that, which, as(句子中缺主要成分:主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语、补语时)。
关系副词:when, where, why(句子中缺次要成分:状语时)。
2. 关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词引导定语从句,代替先行词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等主要成分。
(1)who, whom, that 指代人,who, that在从句中可作主语、宾语;whom在从句中作宾语。
☛Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是你想要见的那个人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)
☛He is the man who/whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他是昨天我见到的那个人。(who/whom/that在从句中作宾语)
(2)whose 用来指人或物,只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换。
☛They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 他们冲过去帮助那个车出故障的人。
☛Please pass me the book whose cover is green/the cover of which is green. 请递给我那本封面是绿色的书。
(3)which, that指代物,在从句中可作主语、宾语。
☛The package (which / that) you are carrying is about e unwrapped. 你正在搬的那个包裹快要散开了。(which / that在从句中作宾语,可省略)
(4)关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
☛Is he the man who wants to see you?他是想要见你的那个人吗?
3. 只能用that不能用which的情况
(1)先行词是everything, nothing, something, anything, all, little, much等不定代词时。
☛He never read anything that was not worth reading. 他从不读任何不值得阅读的书。
(2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much, the only, the very等词修饰时。
☛I’ve read all the books that you lent 。
(3)先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。
☛It is the first American film of this kind that I’ve ever 。
(4)先行词由人和物共同组成时。
☛The scientist and his achievements that you told me about are admired by us all. 我们都羡慕你和我谈论过的这个科学家和他的成就。
4. 关系代词as 和which的用法区别
(1)as一般放在句首或句中,which置于句中。
(2)as可引导非限制性定语从句,常常有"正如"之意;which可以表主从句之间的因果关系。
☛As we know, smoking is harmful to one’s health. 众所周知,吸烟有害健康。
☛He was always late, which made his teacher very angry. 他总是迟到,这让他的老师非常生气。
A child _________ parents are dead is called an orphan.
A. which    B. whose   C. where    D. with
【答案】B

Ⅰ. 从表格中选出合适的关系代词填空
which whom that whose who as
1. This is the mountain village ____________ I visited last year.
2. I’ll never forget the d