生物化学（二）蛋白质的生物合成及合成后修饰Protein Synthesis , Folding and Processing.ppt

Chapter 17
Protein Synthesis , Folding and Processing
mRNA directed protein biosynthesis is also
called translation in molecular biology.
Why ?
Protein biosynthesis is a process to translate information from the nucleo-
tide sequence of an mRNA into the
sequence of amino acids of the cor-
responding specific protein.
Section One
Components Required for Protein Synthesis
The process of protein synthesis is one of
the plex events in the cell.
It involves the coordinated participation of
over 100 biomolecules.
Biomolecules Required in Protein Synthesis
mRNA the template
tRNAs transferring amino acids
ribosome the location of protein synthesis
aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases link tRNA and
amino acid
protein factors
ATP and GTP
anic ions
A mRNA works as the template in protein
synthesis.

the structure of a eukaryote mRNA
Cap-----AUG-------------stop codon--------poly A
5’UTR coding region 3’UTR
What is the relation between the coding
region in mRNA and the amino acid se-quence in the corresponding protein?
The ic Code
The ic code is the way in which the nu-
cleotide sequence in mRNA ( or DNA ) spe-
cifies the amino acid sequence in protein.
How ?
A, G, U and C anized into triple-nuc-
leotides called codons.