毕业设计（论文）基于S7-200的楼宇恒压供水控制系统设计.doc

基于S7-200的楼宇恒压供水控制系统设计
摘要
随着社会经济的迅速发展,人们对供水质量和供水系统可靠性的要求不断提高;再加上目前能源紧缺,利用先进的自动化技术、控制技术以及通讯技术,设计高性能、高节能、能适应不同领域的恒压供水系统成为必然趋势。本论文结合我国中小城市多层住宅小区的用水现状,设计了一套基于PLC的变频调速恒压自动控制供水系统。
变频调速恒压供水自动控制系统由可编程控制器、内置PID变频器、水泵电机组、压力传感器、及控制柜等构成。系统采用一台变频器拖动2台电动机(30kw)的起动、运行与调速,2台分别采用循环使用的方式运行。
在变频调速恒压供水系统中,单台水泵工况的调节是通过变频器来改变电源的频率来改变电机的转速,从而改变水泵性能曲线得以实现的。分析水泵工况的能耗比较图,可以看出利用变频调速实现恒压供水,当转速降低时,流量与转速成正比,功率以转速的三次方下降,与传统供水方式中用阀门节流方式相比,在一定程度上可以减少能量损耗,能够明显节能。
本控制系统中采用了德国SIMENS公司的S7-200可编程控制器,同时选取了一个用于供水系统压力控制的内置PID算法的变频器。该变频器对压力给定值与测量值的偏差进行处理,实时控制变频器的输出电压和频率,进而改变水泵电动机的转速来改变水泵出水口流量,实现管网压力的自动调节,使管网压力稳定在设定值附近。
关键词: PLC;变频调速;恒压供水
Building on the S7-200 Water Supply Control System Design
Abstract
With the rapid development of social economy, it demands the better of water supply’s quality and reliability of water supply system. Meanwhile energy resources are seriously lack. So it is inevitable tendency to design water supply system which has high function and saves on energy well, with help of advanced technique of automation, control munication. At the same time this system can adapt different water supply fields. On the basis of analyzing in quo of the waterworks in our country, this designs a suit of constant pressure water supply automatic system paper by using variable frequency speed-regulating technology based on PLC.
The system is made up of PLC, transducer, units of pumps and electromotors, pressure sensor, industrial puter and console. The system is used a transducer to make four electromotors starting, running and timing. The two electromotors (30Kw) is partly circulated. To connect puter with PLC and realize supervise, a real time supervise control software of water supply system is developed.
To tune up the frequency of power supply by the transducer in the system, this adjusting make the speed of electromotor and performance curve of pump change. At last, it makes the status of a pump alter. Through analyzing the figure of energy wasting of pump, the quality in pipes is dire