基于PLC交通灯设计.doc

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基于PLC和MCGS的交通灯系统设计
【摘要】
当今，红绿灯安装在各个道口上，已经成为疏导交通车辆最常见和最有效的手段。社会的发展，人们的消费水平不断的提高，私人车辆不断的增加。人多、车多道路少的道路交通状况已经很明显了。所以采用有效的方法控制交通灯是势在必行的。PLC 的智能控制原则是控制系统的核心，采用PLC把东西方向或南北方向的车辆按数量规模进行分档，相应给定的东西方向与南北方向的绿灯时长也按一定的规律分档. 这样就可以实现按车流量规模给定绿灯时长，达到最大限度的有车放行，减少十字路口的车辆滞流，缓解交通拥挤、实现最优控制，从而提高了交通控制系统的效率.
PLC结构简单、编程方便、可靠性高等优点，已广泛用于工业过程和位置的自动控制中。由于PLC具有对使用环境适应性强的特性，同时其内部定时器资源十分丰富，可对目前普遍使用的“渐进式”信号灯进行精确控制，特别对多岔路口的控制可方便地实现。因此现在越来越多地将PLC应用于交通灯系统中。
PLC还具有通讯联网功能，将同一条道路上的信号灯组成同一局域网进行统一调度管理，可缩短车辆通行等候时间，实现科学化管理。在实时检测和自动控制的PLC应用系统中，PLC往往是作为一个核心部件来使用。
关键字：PLC、交通灯、控制系统、组态设计
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Abstract: Today, traffic lights installed on the crossing at all, to ease the traffic of vehicles has become the most common and most effective means. Social development, people's consumption levels continue to increase, private vehicles is increasing. Of people, cars and more roads have less traffic status is obvious. Therefore, the adoption of effective methods to control traffic lights is imperative. PLC intelligent control principle is the core of the control system using PLC north-south direction to east-west direction or scale of the vehicle by the number of sub-file, the appropriate thing given the green light north-south direction and length of time is also sub-file according to certain rules. This scale can be achieved given the green light at traffic duration, to achieve maximum release a car to reduce the stagnation of vehicles crossing to ease traffic congestion, to achieve optimal control, thus improving the efficiency of traffic control system.
PLC structure is simple, easy programming, high reliability, has been widely used for industrial process and location of the automatic control. The use of the PLC has the characteristics of environmental adaptability, while its internal timer resources are very rich, the current widespread use of the "progressive" signal for precise control, particular