中国历史地理学的历史、现状和发展趋势.doc

中国历史地理学的历史、现状和发展趋势【英文标题】 WU Hong-qi, Shanxi Normal University, Xi’ an 710062, ChinaThe history, present situation and trend of development ofstudy on Chinese historical geography 【内容提要】回顾二千多年来中国历史地理学的学术发展史,发现这门学科的发展明显经历了以沿革地理学为主体的传统中国历史地理学、“地理化”逐步加强的近代中国历史地理学、“研究历史时期地理环境的变化”的现代中国历史地理学这三个主要阶段。现代中国历史地理学在历史自然地理研究、历史经济地理研究、历史政区地理和历史人口地理研究、历史文化地理研究、区域历史地理研究、历史地图编制、历史地理文献研究、历史地理学理论和通论历史地理研究等诸多方面取得了较大学术成就。近二十年,尤其是进入 90 年代以来,中国历史地理研究出现了许多新的特点,可持续发展问题受到普遍关注,综合研究和区域研究逐渐得到重视,分支学科的不断出现将导致历史地理学科理论体系的重大变化。【英文摘要】 By looking back the history of study on Chinese historicalgeography over 2000 years, this paper points out that thesubject has experienced obviously three stages: thetraditional, the traditional, the ancient time nearest to thepresent and the contemporary. The first, the evolution ofChinese geography was main stream. Second, “ geographize ” prevailed step by step. Today, the change of environment inhistory is being researched. The great achievements ofresearch on contemporary Chinese historical geography havebeen made in nature, economy, administration, population,culture, areas, mapping, the documents, the theory and thegeneral studies, etc. Many new distinguishing features haveemerged during the study in Chinese historical geographywithin the recent twenty years, particularly in 90s ’. Such asthe problem of sustainable development has been being paidmore attention to, synthetic and regional research have beenbeing increasingly thought highly of and branches of thissubject have appeared continuously. All these traits willbring about great changes to the theory system of historicalgeography. 【关键词】中国历史地理学/ 发展阶段/ 研究现状/ 发展趋势 Chinese historical geography/stages of development/presentsituation of research/trend of devel2opment 历史地理学是研究历史时期自然、人文地理现象以及人地关系发展演进规律的科学。现代意义上的历史地理学是在历史学和地理学交叉处诞生、具有明显边缘性质的一门新兴学科。在中国,历史地理学研究有着悠久的历史传统,在经历了二千多年的发展之后,中国历史地理学已成为当代的一门显学,并呈现出蓬勃兴旺的发展势头。一、以沿革地理为主体的传统中国历史地理学的形成和发展中国历史地理学是一门既古老又年轻的学科。说它古老,主要是因为其前身沿革地理学的形成至少可上溯至两汉时期;说它年轻,主要是因为现代意义上的中国历史地理学迟至本世纪 5