毕业论文--5+1轿车手动变速箱设计.doc

5+1 轿车手动边素箱设计说明书 I 本科毕业设计题目 5+1 轿车手动变速箱设计学院: 工学院姓名: 学号: 专业: 机械设计制造及其自动化年级: 机制指导教师: 二O 一二年五月 5+1 轿车手动边素箱设计说明书 II 轿车变速箱设计摘要本设计的任务是设计一台用于轿车上的 FR式的手动变速器。本设计采用中间轴式变速器,该变速器具有两个突出的优点:一是其直接档的传动效率高,磨损及噪声也最小;二是在齿轮中心距较小的情况下仍然可以获得较大的一档传动比。根据轿车的外形、轮距、轴距、最小离地间隙、最小转弯半径、车辆重量、满载重量以及最高车速等参数结合自己选择的适合于该轿车的发动机型号可以得出发动机的最大功率、最大扭矩、排量等重要的参数。再结合某些轿车的基本参数,选择适当的主减速比。根据上述参数,再结合汽车设计、汽车理论、机械设计等相关知识,计算出相关的变速器参数并论证设计的合理性。它功用是: ①改变传动比,扩大驱动轮转矩和转速的变化范围,以适应经常变化的行驶条件,如起步、加速、上坡等,同时使发动机在有利的工况下工作; ②在发动机旋转方向不变的前提下,使汽车能倒退行驶; ③利用空档,中断动力传递,以使发动机能够起动、怠速,并便于发动机换档或进行动力输出。这台变速器具有五个前进档(包括一个超速档五档)和一个倒档,并通过锁环式同步器来实现换档。关键词:变速器,锁环式同步器,传动比,中间轴,第二轴,齿轮 5+1 轿车手动边素箱设计说明书 III THE DESIGN OF SALOON GEARBOX ABSTRACT The duty ofthis design istodesign aFRtype manual transmission use d inthe saloon ,It ’sthe countershaft -type transmission gearbox .This transmission has two prominent merits: Firstly, the transmission efficiency ofthe direct drive keeps off high, the attrition and the noise are also slight est ;Secondly ,it ’sallowed toobtain inthe big ergear ratio ofthe first gear when the center distance issmaller . According tothe contour, track ,wheel base ,the smallest ground clearance,the smallest turning radiu m,the vehicles weight, the all-up weight aswell asthe highest speed and soon, union the choos ing engine model wecan obtain the important parameter softhe max power ,the max torque, the displacement and soon. According tothe basic parameters ofthe certain saloon ,choose the suitable final drive ratio .According tothe above parameter bining the knowledge ofautomobile design, automobile theory, machine design and soon, calculate the correlat edparameter softhe gearbox and proof the rationality ofthe design. Its function is: ①Chang ing gear ratio,expand ing the torque ofthe driving wheel and the range ofthe rotational speed, toadapt the travel condition which frequently changes, like start, acceleration, climbing and soon, simultaneously causes the engine towork under the advantageous operating mode; ②Under the premise o