大学生高水平运动员训练后消除肌肉疲劳的综述研究.doc

本科毕业论文大学生高水平运动员训练后恢复肌肉疲劳的综述研究学生姓名:马东华指导教师:何劲鹏所在学院:体育学院所学专业:体育教育中国·长春 20 15年 5月摘要如今我国大学生高水平运动员训练后消除肌肉疲劳的方法过于单一,,对消除肌肉疲劳的方法研究总结对于提高我国大学生运动员成绩和身体健康有着极为重要的现实意义。因此,本文研究肌肉疲劳是从本质上去分析与理解肌肉疲劳的成因。肌肉收缩过程是机体的一个复杂的应激反应与变化,过程是脑电波产生命令由脊髓传达至肌肉纤维,肌肉收到肌肉纤维发出的指令后会在肌肉细胞内产生一系列的新陈代谢变化,最终产生 ATP 与其他各种物质,使肌肉产生爆发力等运动状态,此时肌肉细胞的感觉神经元会收到肌肉收缩的命令,再将这些神经讯息发射出去,使肌肉产生力量或运动的感知和应激变化。本文通过文献资料法、直接观察法、逻辑分析法对肌肉疲劳的研究和文献进行整理,运用生理学、生物力学、心理学加以论证和分析。根据生理学知识的依据找到肌肉疲劳的原因, 从而分类将田径、球类、力量、耐力各项运动训练后适用于哪些解决肌肉疲劳的几种方法进行整理归纳,得出以下结论: 1. 冰水浴适用于田径运动训练后消除肌肉疲劳; 2. 冥想训练法使用于球类运动训练后消除肌肉疲劳; 3. 水疗法、按摩法、静力牵张法适用于力量训练后消除肌肉疲劳; 4. 高磁振动倒挂恢复训练器法适用于耐力训练后消除肌肉疲劳; 5. 音乐调节法、营养学恢复法、教育学恢复法、中医疗法、物理疗法适用所有运动训练后消除肌肉疲劳; 关键词:肌肉疲劳有效手段生物科学 Abstract After high-level athletes in training will produce muscle fatigue phenomenon, if not properly addressed these muscle fatigue, will lead to athlete training petition are affected. High level athletes and training of the students because the game is heavy, therefore, a summary of research on the recovery method for improving the performance of college athletes has a very important practical significance. To solve muscle fatigue, we will go from the analysis and understanding of the nature of the causes of muscle fatigue. Muscle contraction process anism stress and change, the process will produce a series of metabolic changes within the muscle cells in the brain waves municated from the spinal cord to the muscle fibers, muscle muscle fibers receive instruction issued final and a variety of other substances to produce ATP, the muscles produce explosive sports such state, when sensory nerve muscle cells in muscle contraction yuan will mands, then these nerve messages emitted, the muscles produce force or motion perception and should bowel changes. Based on the above analysis, we pointed out several ways to solve the forefront of muscle fatigue in order to facilitate the reader learn. Keywords: Muscle fatigue ; Effective means ; Biological Sciences 目录摘要................................