Linux文件管理.ppt

1Linux File System ?文件系统?VFS VFS 的作用基于 VFS 的文件访问 VFS 重要数据结构?文件系统的注册与安装?ext2 、ext3 文件系统?文件操作?proc 文件系统?CRAMFS 文件系统 2 各种各样的文件系统 Windows FAT16,FAT32, NTFS 传统 UNIX: UFS (Unix File System) BSD 文件系统 FFS(Fast File System) Proc File System :只存在于内存中 Linux File System ext2 ( is first introduced in kernel ) reiserfs ( is first introduced in kernel ) ext3 ( is first introduced in kernel ,default in RedHat now) xfs (from SGI ) Jfs (from IBM ) 嵌入式小型文件系统 CRAMFS JFFS2 3 linux 文件系统目录布局 ply with FSSTND(File System STaNDard): / - first of mount point in linux /etc - keep linux default configuration /boot - keep important linux booting files(can be a separate file system) /bin - mand binaries for both root and ord. users /sbin - Essential system binaries for administrator /dev - keep all device files /usr - keep all user binary and X library /home - keep user home directory /proc - is pseudo file system for tracking running process and state of linux system /var - keeping mail, log file and printer spooling /lib - contain shared library that is required by system program /tmp - contain system temporary file /opt - Add-on application software packages 4UNIX 文件系统文件类型?Directory --> catalogue of file name ?Normal file --> format of data –source file –text file ?Symbolic link --> a pointer to another file ?Special file --> use for device controller in kernel ?Named pipe --> communication channel which can be used by serveral processes(may be irrelevant) in order to exchange data 5硬链接( Hard Link ) [******@localhost link]# ls -l total 1 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 667 Oct 15 13:39 a [******@localhost link]# ln a b [******@localhost link]# ls -l total 2 -rw-r--r-- 2 root root 667 Oct 15 13:39 a -rw-r--r-- 2 root root 667 Oct 15 13:39 b [******@localhost link]# rm a rm: remove `a'? y [******@localhost link]# ls -l total 1 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 667 Oct 15 13:39 b