专升本语法总结.doc

动词主要时态一般时态进行时态完成时态完成进行时态现在 play/ plays is/am /are playi ng has/h ave playe d has/h ave been playi ng 过去 playe d was/w ere playi ng had playe d had been playi ng 将shall shall shall shall 来/will play /will beplayi ng /will have playe d /will have been playi ng 过去将来 shoul d/wou ldplay shoul d/wou ldbe playi ng shoul d/wou ldhave playe d shoul d/wou ldhave been playi ng ?一般现在时 1、表示现在经常或反复发生的动作或存在的状态,常和 often, always, usually, sometimes, everyday 等时间状语连用;I often get up at 7:00. 2、表示主语的特征、性格、能力等; My daughter sings very well. 3、表示客观事实或普遍真理; The sun rises in the east. 4、表示安排或计划好的将来要发生的动作;The plane takes off at 10 am 。 5、在时间或条件状语中, 表示将来的动作;When you see her just tell her that I am all right .6、在某些文学作品的情节描写中,代替过去时,表示或用于引述书刊材料;The author says that the soldiers fight for freedom not for money 。第三人称单数的构成 s. work-works live-lives play-plays sh. ch. -es wash-washes teach-teaches dress-dresses ,变y 为i加-es. study-studies fly-flies try-tries ?一般过去时用于表示过去某时发生的动作或状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如 yesterday, last week, three years ago, in 1987, at the time (在那个时候), in July 。 . I went the zoo with my friend yesterday. 规则动词 +ed work-worked help —helped +y结尾,变y为 i+ed study-studied try-tried ,末尾只有一个辅音字母双写这一辅音字母+ed plan-planned admit-admitted e结尾, +d arrive-arrived live-lived ?一般将来时主要用于表示将来发生的动作或情况注:在时间或条件状语中, 一般不用将来时,而是用现在时代替将来时。I’ ll let you know the result when I finish everything .1、 shall, will +动词原型构成一般将来时;2、 am (is, are) going to+ 动词原型,表示近期打算去做的事情或可能要发生的事情; 3、 am (is, are) about to+ 动词原型,表示即将发生的动作;4、 am (is, a re) to+动词原型,表示必须或计划要进行的动作; You are to be here by4 pm for picking up the president. ?过去将来时用于表示过去某一时间内, 将要发生的动作或存在的状态 was (were) going to+动词原型I was going to buy a book at that time. was (were) about to+动词原型 I was about to buy a book at that time. was (were) to+动词原型表示过去某时间内计划、打算或一定要进行的动作?现在进行时用于表示现在正在发生的动作。 I am reading a book. 注: go, come, stay, leave, start 的现在进行时形式可以表示将来即将发生的动作 He ing to see you tomorrow . hate, like, love, believe, thin