（湖北专用）高考英语一轮复习 专题十六 推理判断.doc

专题十六推理判断 Passage 1(2014 湖北,C) 体裁: 说明文词数:322 Working with a group of baboons( 狒狒)in the Namibian desert, Carter of the Department of Zoology,Cambridge University set baboons learning tasks involving a novel food and a familiar food hidden ina baboons were given the chance to watch another baboon who already knew how to solve the task,while others had to learn for work out how brave or anxious the baboons were, presented them either with a novel food ora threat in the form ofa model ofa poisonous snake. She found that personality had a major impact on braver baboons learnt,but the shy ones did not learn the task although they watched the baboon perform the task of finding the novel food just as long as the brave ones effect,despite being made aware of what to do,they were still too shy to do what the experienced baboon did. The same held true for anxious pared with calm anxious individuals learnt the task by observing others while those who were relaxed did not,even though they spent more time watching. This mismatch between collecting social information and using it shows that personality plays a key role in social learning in animals,something that has previously been ignored in studies on how animals learn to do findings are significant because they suggest that animals may perform poorly in cognitive( 认知的)tasks not because they aren t clever enough to solve them,but because they are too shy or nervous to use the social information. The findings may impact how we understand the formation of culture in societies through social some individuals are unable to get information from others because they don t associate with the knowledgeable individuals,or they are too shy to use the information once they have it,information may not travel between all group members,preventing the formation ofa culture based on social learning. is the first paragraph mainly about? sign