10肥料效应函数和配方施肥.ppt

第八章肥料效应函数和配方施肥目前肥料施用的主要问题: 1、化肥和有机肥比例失调; 2、氮肥和磷、钾肥比例失调; 3、大量元素和微量元素比例失调。化肥肥效连年降低、投肥报酬递减、地力下降和环境污染。 Evaluation only. Evaluation only. Created with Client Profile . Created with Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 重点: 1 肥料效应函数。 2 配方施肥的原理和技术。难点: 肥料效应函数 Evaluation only. Evaluation only. Created with Client Profile . Created with Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 1 解释名词:有机肥, 粪尿肥,堆肥、沤肥、秸秆还田、沼气池肥,绿肥,矿质化过程,腐殖化过程2 试述有机肥的培肥改土作用。 3 有机肥与无机肥的优缺点?如何取长补短? 4 发展绿肥的意义? 5 秸秆还田应注意哪些问题? 6 各种有机肥的主要性质和施用技术。复****Evaluation only. Evaluation only. Created with Client Profile . Created with Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 0200 400 600 800 1000 100 200 300 400 500 600 籽棉产值英磅/英亩 a b c d e ab cde每英亩施肥量(磅) 棉花在完全肥料下的报酬递减趋势投肥报酬递减 Evaluation only. Evaluation only. Created with Client Profile . Created with Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 第一单元, 200% 第二单元, 100% 报酬第三单元, 50% 报酬第四单元, 25% 报酬第五单元, 10% 报酬 1 234 5 磷肥价值一单元产量价值报酬递减率说明 Evaluation only. Evaluation only. Created with Client Profile . Created with Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 一、肥料效应函数 y = f (x) ?多项式形式 y = b 0 + b 1x s + b 2x 2s y = b 0 + b 1x s y = b 0 + b 1x s + b 2x 2s + b 3x 3s y = b 0 + b 1x 1 s + b 2x 1 2s + b 3x 2 s + b 4x 2 2s + b 5x 1 sx 2 s y为总产量; b 0为不施肥的产量; b n为肥料效应系数; s = , , , 1 第一节肥料效应函数及最佳施肥量求算 Evaluation only. Evaluation only. Created with Client Profile