八年级英语上册 Unit 6 Lesson 34 Flying Donuts动词不定式课件 （新版）冀教版.ppt

动词不定式动词不定式概说动词不定式(to do) 是初中英语课的一个重点,也是中考要考查的一个项目。动词不定式属于非谓语动词的一种形式, 很多同学经常把它和谓语动词混在一起, 掌握起来有困难。下面我们对动词不定式的用法做简单归纳,帮助同学们记忆。动词不定式的主要用法一、动词不定式在句子中不能独立充当谓语, 没有人称和数的变化。 二、动词不定式是由“ to+ 动词原形”构成(有时可以不带 to) 。动词不定式的否定形式是“ not+ 动词不定式”(此时 not 不能再与助动词连用)。 三、动词不定式短语具有名词、形容词和副词等的功能,可在句中用做多种句子成分。主语宾语表语定语状语宾补主语: 常置于句末,而用 it代替其做形式主语。例: To go in for sports helps you stay fit. It helps you stay fit to go in for sports. 注:此句式中不定式逻辑上的主语可由 for 或 of引出, 逻辑主语由 of引出时,表语的形容词为 kind , nice , good , polite , clever , foolish , right , wrong 等表示性格品质评价的形容词。例: It’ s right of him to refuse the invitation. (him 为逻辑主语)点击规律:动词不定式在句中作主语时,除了直接作主语外,常放在: It is + adj .(形容词)+ to do sth .或 It is +n.(名词)+ to do sth .句型中, it仅作形式主语。动词宾语此种情况可按固定搭配或句式去记。例: would you like to see my photos? Kevin planned to visit his uncle. 类似用法的词还有: start , want , agree , hope , begin , decide agree , love , like , hate , prefer 等。 I found it very difficult to get a job.(it 为形式宾语) 点击规律:这些动词后面除接不定式外,还可以接动名词,意思区别不大提示板: like doing 指经常性动作,而 like to do 指一次性的动作。 I like swimming , but I don ’ t like to swim now . 我喜欢游泳,但我现在不想游。 stop , forget , remember , go on , try 等词或短语后面可以接不定式。点击规律:上述动词后面接不定式和接动名词意思大不相同。提示板: 1) stop to do sth .:停止一件事,去做另一件事。 stop doing sth .:停止正在做的事。例句: When the teacher came in , the students stopped talking ; 当老师走进来时,学生们停止说话; when he came out , the students stopped to talk . 当老师走出去时,学生们又开始说话。 2)思考: forget , remember , go on , try 等词或短语后面接不定式和动名词用法有何区别? 点击规律:在 find / feel + it+ adj .+ to do sth .句型中, it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。如: The man downstairs found it difficult to get to sleep . I feel it easy to recite the text . 点击规律:某些动词或短语后面既可以接动词不定式作宾语, 又可接动名词作宾语,二者用法上的区别可以通过造句子加以区分,如上页的 stop 例句。表语放在连系动词 be后面例句: His wish is to e a scientist . Our duty is to protect the enviroment. The first important thing is to save the soldiers ’ lives . 当务之急是抢救战士们的生命。点击规律:动词不定式在句中作表语时,通常对连系动词前面的名词进行诠释说明。返回定语动词不定式做定语放在所修饰的名词、