教师版2014届高考精编英语资料二轮专项复习分类精品语法：定语从句.doc

定语从句【考点定位】考纲解读和近几年考点分布高考研究定语从句是英语三大类从句中最难的一类, 其难点主要在于很多学生在学****时分不清先行词, 不能正确使用关系代词、关系副词。因此在学****定语从句时, 务必搞清定语从句的概念、关系词的正确选择和使用情况等。预测今后高考定语从句的考查还将是对关系代词和关系副词的考查。【考点 pk】名师考点透析考点 1:关系代词一览表关系词先行词从句成分例句备注关系代词 who 人主语 Do you know the man who is talking with your mother? whom, which 和 tha t 在从句中做宾语时,常可以省略,但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略,也不可以用 that whom 人宾语 Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working The boy (whom) she loved died in the war.. whose 人, 物定语 I like those books whose topics are about history. The boy whose father works abroad is my desk mate. that 人, 物主语宾语 A plane isa machine that can fly. She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much. which 物主语宾语 The book (which) I gave you was worth $10. The picture which was about the accident was terrible. as 人, 物主语宾语 He is such a person as is respected by all of us. This is the same pen asI lost yesterday. as 做宾语一般不省略关系副词 when 时间时间状语 I will never forget the day when we met there. 可用 on which where 地点地点状语 This is the house where I was born. 可用 in which why 原因原因状语 I can ’t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer. 可用 for which 考点 2: that 与 which , who , whom 的用法区别 that 和 which 的用法区别: 在定语从句中,关系代词 which 和 that 都可指物,一般情况下,可以互换使用。但在下列情况下值得注意: A. 只能用 that 而不能用 which 的情形(1) 当先行词为: all, little, few, much, none 及 some-, any-, no-, every- 与 thing 所组成的复合单词时,只能用 that 。如: There is nothing that will stop us making progress. 没有事情会阻止我们进步。(2) 当先行词前面有 only, some, any, no, every, little, few, much, all, very 等形容词修饰时, 只能用 that 。如: This is the only problem that we can ’t work out. 这是我们不能解决的唯一的一个问题。(3) 当先行词由形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时,只能用 that 。如: This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. 这是我读过的最有趣的书。(4) 当先行词同时包括人和物时,只能用 that 。如: Luxun and his works that we are familiar with are considered great. 人们认为我们所熟识的鲁迅及其作品都很伟大。(5) 当先行词在定语从句中作表语时,只能用 that 。如: This isa book that I have been looking for since last week. 这就是那本自上周以来我一直在寻找的书。(6) 当主句是以 which 开头的特殊疑问句时,只能用 that 。如: Which is the picture that you drew yesterday? 你昨天画的那张画是哪一张? B. 只能用 which 而不能用 that 的情形(