非谓语动词与独立主格结构教案高三.docx

学生姓名性别年级学科授课教师宋秋芬上课时间 2012 年月日第( )次课课时: 2 课时教学课题非谓语动词与独立主格结构教学目标熟练掌握非谓语动词的三种形式,学会区分非谓语动词与独立主格结构重点难点非谓语动词的时态和语态教学过程非谓语动词与独立主格结构非谓语动词分为三类:不定式( infinitive ) 、动名词( gerund )和分词( participle ) 。其特点是: 1 .不定式、动名词和分词可以做很多句子成分,但就是不能单独做谓语,这也被称为非谓语动词"的原因。 :一般式、主动态、被动态、进行态和完成态。 3 .不定式和动名词可以做主语、宾语、表语、补语等。但不管起什么作用,它们都具有动词的功能,但无语法上的动词性质,这一点可以通过它们不受主语的人称和数的限制体现出来。 4 .分词起形容词和副词作用,可做表语、定语、状语,但不能做主语和宾语。它也不受主语人称和数的限制。(一) 形式语态时态主动形式被动形式一般式 todo tobedone 完成式 to have done to have been done 进行式 tobe doing 完成进行式 to have been doing , 通常与主要谓语表示的动作( 状态) 同时( 或几乎同时) 发生, 或是在它之后发生. 假如不定式所表示的动作, 在谓语所表示的动作( 状态) 之前发生, am glad to have seen your mother (=I am glad I have seen your mother). (比较:I am glad to see you.) He is said to have written a new book about workers. He pretended not to have seen me. ( 状态) 发生时, 不定式表示的动作正在进行, 这时要用不定式的进行式. You are not supposed tobe working. You haven ’t quite recovered yet. We didn ’t expect you tobe waiting for us here. He pretended tobe listening attentively. ,就要用不定式的完成进行式. The struggle was known to have been going for twenty years. We are happy to have been working with you. , 不定式一般要用被动形式. It is anhonor for me tobe asked to speak here. She hated tobe flattered. He wanted the letter tobe typed at once. 【例】 Sir Denis, who is78, has made it known that much of his collection ______ to the nation. A) has left B) is to leave C) leaves D) is tobe left 结合选项来看,全句的意思: “78 岁的丹尼斯爵士已经向众人宣布他的许多收藏品将留给国家" 。收藏品是" 被留给国家”,因此需要一个被动式做宾语,所以答案是 D) is to be left 。(二)句法功能 【例】 It isnot unusual for workers in that region _________. A) tobe paid more than a month later B) tobe paid later than more a month C) to pay later than a month more D) to pay later more than a month it 在句中作形式主语。而不定式 tobe paid more than a month 是句子的逻辑主语。结合选项全句的意思是: “那个地方的工人一个多月后才得到工资是常有的事”,答案是 A) 。 。如: We are planning to build a reservoir here. 【例】 There isa man at the reception d