英语语法之独立主格(高考讲解)程序.ppt

独立主格结构 with 复合结构 Eagle 独立主格(一): 独立主格结构的构成: 名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词; 名词(代词)+形容词; 名词(代词)+副词; 名词(代词)+不定式; 名词(代词) + 介词短语构成。 (二) 独立主格结构的特点: 1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在。 2)名词或代词与后面的分词,形容词,副词, 不定式,介词等是主谓关系。 3)独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。 1 The test finished, we began our holiday. = When the test was finished, we began our holiday. 2 The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow. = After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow. 3 Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow. 4 This done, we went home. 5 The meeting over, everyone tired to go home earlier. 6 He came into the room, his ears red with cold. 7 He came out of the library, a large book under his arm. 8 There being nothing more to discuss, the meeting came to an end. 9 A lot of problems to solve, I can ’ t sleep well. With 的复合结构作独立主格表伴随时,既可用分词的独立结构,也可用 with 复合结构。 with + 名词(代词)+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/ 不定式/介词短语 He stood there, his hand raised. = He stood there, with his hand raise. The murder was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back 。A . being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied. 注意: 1)独立主格结构使用介词的问题: 当介词是 in时,其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分(如物主代词或冠词),也不用复数。但 with 的复合结构不受此限制 A robber burst into the room, knife in hand. ( hand 前不能加 his) 。 2) 当表人体部位的词做逻辑主语时,不及物动词用现在分词,及物动词用过去分词。 He lay there, his teeth set, his hand clenched, his eyes l