Unit 19 lesson 1 语法：名词性从句.ppt

noun clauses subjective clause 主语从句 objective clause 宾语从句 predicative clause 表语从句 appositive clause 同位语从句主语从句主语从句( Noun Clauses as the Subject ) 定义: 用作主语的从句叫主语从句,它是名词性从句之一。引导主语从句的连接词有:连词 that, whether ; 连接代词 who, what , which, whoever, whatever, whichever 和连接副词 when, where, how 和 why 等。用法: 1) 由 what 等代词引起的主语从句: What the teacher said today was quite right. 老师今天说的话是十分正确的。 2) 由连词 that 引起的主语从句: That they are badly in need of help is quite clear. 他们急需帮助,这是十分明显的。但是这类句子在大多数情况下会放到整个句子的后部去,而用代词 it作形式主语。引导词 that 与 what what 既有引导主语从句的作用,同时又在从句中作句子成分(主语、宾语、表语等). 这时 what 相当于 all that/everything that..., 常译成"所……的(东西、事情、话等.)"; that 只起连接作用,本身无实际意义, that 引导的主语从句放在句首时,不能省略 that. 例如: ? What is done can't be undone. ?(谚语)已成定局,无可挽回.? What we can't get seems better than what we have. ?我们得不到的东西似乎比已得到的要好. ? That we should work out a plan to deal with the present serious situation is important. ?我们应该制定一项计划来应付目前严峻的形势, 这一点非常重要.? That a new teacher e to teach us geography is true. ?一位新老师将来教我们地理,这是真的. 3) whether/if 引导的主语从句 if和 whether 引导动词后的宾语从句时一般可通用,但介词后的宾语从句、主语从句(放在句首时)、表语从句常由 whether : Whether she will go home or not is unknown. 她是否回家还不得而知. Whether we shall raise ducks or geese remains to be decided. 我们是养鸭还是养鹅仍没决定. =It remains to be decided whether/if we shall raise ducks or geese. 但我们不能说 If we shall raise ducks or geese remains to be decided. [巩固练****_______ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where B