形容词副词用法及练习.doc

1 形容词和副词一、定义形容词(adj.. ):表示人或事物的性质或特征。如: good, right, white, orange : 副词(adv. ):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如: now, very, here, often 二、形容词和副词的辨析 1、形容词和副词的区别形容词:用来修饰名词副词:用来修饰动词、形容词和副词所以区别形容词和副词的关键在于看它所修饰的内容。例如: Candy isalovely girl. Candy smiles lovely . 2、形容词变副词的规律 ly变为副词。例如: careful-carefully e结尾的单词要去 e在加 ly。例如: true-truly y结尾的单词去 y变i在加 ly。例如: angry-angrily y结尾直接加 ly。例如: shy-shyly e变为 y。例如: terrible-terribly 三、形容词副词的比较级和最高级 1、比较等级的构成①规则构成:形容词的比较级和最高级的构成有两种形式:词尾加-er ,est ; 在词前加 more ,most 。采用何种形式,要看单词的音节多少和词尾的构成形式, 详见下表: 2 构成规则原级比较级最高级单音节词一般加-er 和-est small ,young smaller , younger smallest , youngest 以e结尾的只加-r和-st wide ,large wider ,larger widest , largest 重度闭音节词,如末尾只有一个辅音字母,先双写该辅音字母,再加-er 和-est fat thin red fatter thinner redder fattest thinnest reddest 一辅音字母加 y结尾的,先改 y为i,再加-er 和-est dry drier driest 双音节词一辅音字母加 y结尾的,同单音节词 heavy dirty heavier dirtier heaviest dirtiest 以ow,er,le,et 结尾的,同单音节词 narrow clever simple quiet narrower cleverer simpler quieter narrowest cleverest simplest quietest 其他的在前面加 more 和most careful famous more carefully more famous most careful most famous 多音节词在前面加 more 和 most important interesting beautiful more important more interesting more beautiful most important most interesting most beautiful ②比较等级的不规则构成原级比较级最高级 good, well better best bad, ill worse worst many, much more most old older, elder oldest, eldest li