孕妇营养知识、态度及饮食行为调查研究.doc

摘要 I 洛阳市区孕妇营养知识、态度及饮食行为调查研究食品生物工程学院指导教师摘要目的:通过对洛阳市区 200 名孕妇的饮食营养相关知识、态度、行为( KAP ) 进行问卷调查,以了解洛阳市区孕妇营养相关知识、态度、行为现状,并探讨其可能的影响因素,为有关部门进一步有针对性的制定营养政策及对居民进行营养教育提供参考依据。方法:通过整群随机抽样的方法,利用街头调查形式,在洛阳市区随机抽取 200 名孕妇,采用自行设计的营养知识-态度-行为调查问卷对孕妇饮食营养相关知识、态度、行为进行问卷调查。结果: 洛阳市区孕妇营养态度平均得分较高,而知识和行为得分较低。膳食结构不合理,导致部分食物摄入量较低。孕妇膳食中除热能和蛋白质达到推荐摄入量( RNI )标准的 %以上外, 钙、维生素 A 、锌、铁等的摄入量均不同程度缺乏。结论: 洛阳市区孕妇 KAP 水平偏低,这与孕妇及家人的年龄组成、文化程度、职业、家庭收入及传统观念等因素均有明显的关系。因此,应根据不同因素对孕妇及家人开展有效的营养教育以提高他们的营养知识,帮助其形成良好的健康行为,促使其采取平衡膳食和合理营养行为,保持和促进孕期及母子健康,同时为有关部门制定营养政策及对居民进行营养教育提供参考依据。关键词:孕妇,营养知识,态度,行为摘要 II Survey on Nutritional Knowledge , Attitude , Practice ofP regnant W omen Living inU rban A reas of Luoyang Food and Bio-Engineering College Wu Chenyang Tutor Li Jianmin ABSTRACT O bjective: to investigate nutrition related knowledge, attitude, practice (KAP) , and the possible affecting factors of pregnant women in urban areas of Luoyang through a questionnaire survey , providing reference basis for nutrition policy making of relevant departments of government and nutrition education of residents . Methods: By cluster random sampling method, work survey and street survey in two forms, 200 randomly selected pregnant women in the Luoyang city , were investigate don their nutrition al knowledge, attitude, behavior through a self-designed questionnaire . Result: although the selected pregnant women in the Luoyang city get higher scores of nutrition attitude, the scores of nutritional knowledge and behavior are low. Dietary structure is irrational, resulting in lower intake in some foodstuffs. Intakes of dietary energy and protein of pregnant women reached the 90% of mended intake level (RNI), while intakes of calcium, vitamin A, zinc, and iron intake are in deficiency of different extent. Conclusion: the nutrition knowledge level of Luoyang pregnant women is generally low, and this situation are related with ages, many unproper practice existed th ere. educational level, occupation, family e and traditional ideals of thes