2016中考英语复习--第三篇--常见习惯用语.doc

2016中考英语复****精品资料
第三篇、常见****惯用语
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(一) 知识概要
由于英语国家的语言****惯与中国的语言****惯有许多不同之处,所以造成了许多同学在做选择或书写,或与人交谈中造成误用中国方式来对英语的问句作解答。例如一个小女孩十分好看,可爱,外国人见到时会讲: You are so beautiful这时的答语应该是 Thank you如果外国人发现你的英语不错,他们会讲: Your English is very good这时中国人常常会说:不,我说的不好。这纯是一种礼貌的答语,但是不符合英语****惯。它正确的答语应是 Thank you虽然交际英语有一些规律可讲,但更重要的是学****外国的生活****惯,了解他们的文化背景,历史渊源,这样才能真正的学好一门外语。
(二) 正误辨析
[误] - What can I do for you?
- Yes, please help me
[正] - What can I do for you?
- I'd like to buy a sweater
[析] What can I do for you? 这一问语实际上用于的情景很多,要根据具体情况而定。如在商店中售货员讲这句话应译为:您想要点什么?在其他场合也可以被译为:我能为您做些什么?它的答语应是直接讲出想让对方提供的帮助。
[误] - Which colour do you like?
- Sorry, I don't like
[正] - Which colour do you like?
- I prefer blue
[析] 由 which 来提问的问句是要回答具体的选择,而不能泛指,泛泛的回答。如 Yes, I like it
[误] Do you like e with us tonight? 
[正] Would you like e with us tonight? 
[析] Do you like …问的是对方的****惯,如: Do you like swimming? Do you like collecting stamps? 而 would you like …则是一次性的邀请、提议。邀请的英语表达法还有如下几种:
Shall we go? 我们走吧!
Let's go? 让我们走吧!
How about having a cup of tea? 喝杯茶如何?
What about a cup of coffee喝杯咖啡如何?
Why not buy it? 为什么不买呢?
其肯定答语一般为Certainly, Yes, . All right, With pleasure
[误] Sorry, I've kept you waiting
Not at all
[正] Sorry, I've kept you waiting
Never mind
[析] "介意不介意"这一问法与答语在中英文中有所不同。如:
- Do you mind my smoking here?- _________ 
A. Yes, do it please
B. No, of course not
C. Yes, take it please
D. No, you can't take it
这时正确的选择应是B。其意为:不介意,当然不。而A选项则自相矛盾了,它应译为:是的我介意,请抽吧。而D选项是:不介意,你不能抽。当向对方争求意见时,可以有以下问法:
Do you mind if I open the door?
Would you mind mailing the letter for me
其答语如果是同意应为: Certainly not, not at all
而不同意时应为 Yes, 或 I'm sorry
[误] What's that man?
He is Mike
[正] What's that man?
He is a teacher
[正] Who's that man?
He is Mike(He is Mike's father) 
[析] 由 what 提问是问的职业,由 who 提问问的是姓名或身份。
[误] - How much are they?
- Half a kilo, please
[正] - How many bananas do you want?
- Half a kilo Please
[析] How much are they? 问的