FingerprintRecognitionTechnology.docx

Fingerprint Recognition Technology
Introduction
Fingerprint recognition refers to the automated method of verifying a match between two human fingerprints. Fingerprints are one of many forms of biometrics used to identify individuals and verify their identity. This article touches on two major classes of algorithms (minutia and pattern) and four sensor designs (optical, ultrasonic, passive capacitance, and active capacitance).
Figure 1 Patterns
a) Arch; b) Loop; c) Whorl
a) b) c)
The analysis of fingerprints for matching purposes generally requires parison of several features of the print pattern. These include patterns, which are aggregate characteristics of ridges, and minutia points, which are unique features found within the patterns. It is also necessary to know the structure and properties of human skin in order to essfully employ some of the imaging technologies.
Above graphic is a demostration of three basic patterns of fingerprint ridges are the arch, loop, and whorl. Scientists have found that family members often share the same general fingerprint patterns, leading to the belief that these patterns are inherited.
The major Minutia features of fingerprint ridges are: ridge ending, bifurcation, and short ridge (or dot). The ridge ending is the point at which a ridge terminates. Bifurcations are points at which a single ridge splits into two ridges. Short ridge