毕业设计-化工专业本科毕业论文蔗糖深度水解制备平台化合物的研究.doc

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2011 年 6 月 5 日
蔗糖深度水解制备平台化合物的研究
摘要
随着人类大量使用矿物燃料带来的环境问题日益严重,各国政府开始关心重视生物质能源的开发利用｡
地球上的能源包括核能､可再生能源和化石燃料｡核能是核裂变或聚变过程释放出的能量;可再生能源有太阳能､风能､水能､地热和生物质能;化石燃料有煤炭､石油和天然气｡生物质是动物或植物的生物体总称,主要是由有机物组成｡植物在生长过程中通过光合作用把太阳能以碳水化合物的形式储存起来, 我们通过合适的方法可以把这种储存起来的太阳能转化为直接利用的能源｡人们称之为“生物质能”, 美国科学家又称之为“生物矿”｡生物质能是可再生能源, 是未来解决能源危机的重要途径｡
本文较详细介绍了国内外生物质水解研究现状,以及以乙酰丙酸为平台化合物的国内外研究和开发进展,并以蔗糖为生物质原料,进行了硫酸水解实验,着重考察产物中是否含有乙酰丙酸｡并利用气相色谱和质谱联用仪对所产生液体进行检测｡
关键词:生物质,蔗糖,水解,平台化合物
PLATFORM DEPTH OF HYDROLYSIS OF POUNDS
ABSTRACT
As human use a lot of fossil fuels caused by environmental problems,many governments begin to development the utilization of the biomass energy.
Earth's energy, including nuclear energy, renewable energy and fossil fuels. Nuclear power is the process of nuclear fission or fusion energy released; renewable energy are solar, wind, hydro, geothermal and biomass; fossil fuels coal, oil and natural gas;. Biomass is plant or anisms collectively, composed mainly anic matter. In the growth process of plants through photosynthesis, the solar energy stored in the form of carbohydrates, we adopted the right approach can save up to such a direct use of solar energy into energy. Known as "biomass", American scientists also known as "bio-ore." Biomass is a renewable energy is the future an important way to solve the energy crisis.
This article describes in more detail the hydrolysis of biomass research status at home and abroad, as well as a platform to levulinic pounds progress of research and development at home and abroad, and sucrose as biomass raw material, the conventional sulfuric acid hydrolysis experiments, focusing on whether the product contains a study levulinic acid. Using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry for detection of liquid produced.
KEY WORDS: Biomass, sucrose, hydrolyzed,Platform chemicals
目录
摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
前言 1
1. 文献综述 2
综述 2
生物质能源的特点 3
生物质的化学组成和结构 4
乙酰丙酸的特性及应用 4
乙酰丙酸的物性 5
乙酰丙酸的化性 5
1