非谓语动词
非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词三种,其中分词包括现在分词和过去分词。非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语,不受主语的人称和数的限制。
非谓语动词既有动词性质(比如可以有自己的宾语、状语等),又有非动词性质(比如动名词相当于名词;分词相当于形容词和副词;不定式相当于名词、形容词和副词等)。
构成
句子成分
不定式
to + 动词原形
除谓语外的任何成分
有将要之间
动名词
doing
主语宾语表语定语
状语宾补
表一般情况
分词
现在分词
doing
表语宾补定语状语
主动、进行
过去分词
done
表语宾补定语状语
被动、完成
动词不定式
动词不定式可以在句中作宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语等。
动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,有时to可以省略。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,其否定形式为“not+动词不定式”。
. To learn English well is difficult.
动词不定式作主语时,为了保持句子平衡,常用it代替它作形式主语,而将真正的主语——动词不定式后置,上面的例句常写为:It’s difficult to learn English well.
考点一:作主语。
形式主语代替动词不定式的常用句型为:
It’s + adj. + (of / for sb.) to do
It’s +n. +(for sb.) to do sth.。
. It’s very nice of you to offer me a seat.
It’s very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.
It was great fun to have a ic there.
考点二:作宾语。
常跟动词不定式作宾语的动词有agree, afford, decide, determine, expect, fail, hope, learn, offer, prepare, plan, promise, refuse, want等。
注意:在find, think等后跟动词不定式作宾语时,常用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语——动词不定式后置。
. I find it hard to get along with him.
1. They decided _____ a bridge over the river. (2015四川遂宁)
A. build B. to build C. building
2. I wanted to see the Beijing Opera, so
Lingling offered ____ me to watch an
opera. (2016天津)
A. took B. takes
C. to take D. taking
中考链接
B
C
3. She said she hoped ______her daughter.
(2016湖南邵阳)
A. to see B. you to see C. seeing
4. I can’t tell you what she said. I’ve
promised _____ it a secret. (2016上海)
A. keep B. to keep
C. keeping D. kept
A
B
考点三:作宾语补足语。
1. 一些动词后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语,这类动词有allow, call, want, tell, advise, ask, warn, encourage, invite, order, teach等。
提示:help跟的宾语补足语既可以是带to
的动词不定式,也可以是不带to的动词不
定式。
. Can you help the girl (to) move the
chair?
2017年中考英语《非谓语动词》语法专题课件(共38张PPT) 来自淘豆网www.taodocs.com转载请标明出处.