第十章 非谓语动词.ppt

语法复****br/>非谓语动词
1. 掌握动词不定式、分词、动名词在句子中充当的各种成分。
2. 了解现在分词和过去分词的区别,现在分词作表语和现在进行时的区别,过去分词作表语和被动语态的区别。
考纲要求
非谓语动词
动词不定式
动名词
分词
不定式
一、动词不定式(两个动词之间用“to”连接)
(一)构成: to + 动词原形
(二)用法:
To learn a foreign language is not easy .
= It’s not easy to learn a foreign language .

They all wanted to see you yesterday.
He wants you to call him back.
I found it important to learn.

I want to go to the shop to buy something .

They ran over to e us.
6. 做表语
My job is to teach him English.
(三) 动词后面+to ,常用的词有:
想/乐意 want / would like to do
叫(告诉)某人 ask / tell (told ) sb (not ) to do
开始 begin( began ) / start to do
决定 decide to do
设法 try to do
记得(忘记) remember / forget (forgot ) to do
希望 hope to do
计划 plan to do
Eg. I would like to help you .
He asked us not to talk in class.
I hope to see you again .
Don’t forget to bring your book here.
(四)特殊疑问词+ to do ( why 除外)
eg. I don’t know where to go
Can you tell me how to do it = what to do
We don’t know which book to choose .
(该去哪里)
(五)用作介词的to。
to有两种用法:“不定式+动词原形”和“介词+名词/动名词”,to在下面的用法中是第二种,即“to+名词/动名词”:admit to(承认), confess to(承认), be accustomed to****惯于), be/get used to****惯于), stick to(坚持),turn to(开始,着手), devote oneself to(献身于), look forward to(盼望), pay attention to(注意), object to(反对)等。
如:We look forward to seeing him soon. 我们盼望不久后可以见到他。
(六) 省略to的动词不定式:
(1)情态动词(除ought外)。
(2)使役动词let, have, make等。
(3)感官动词see, watch, look at, notice, observe,
hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补,省略to。
注:在被动语态中to不能省略。
如:I saw him dance. 我看见他在跳舞。
He was seen to dance. 他跳舞被人看见了。
(4)would rather, had better。
(5)Why...?/Why not...?
(6)help可带to,也可不带to, help sb. (to) do sth.。
(7)but和except:but前是动词do时,后面出现的
动词用不带to的动词不定式。
(8)由and, or和than连接的两个不定式,第二个to 可以省去。
(七) 固定句型( it ……… to do)
…的时候了 It’s time for sb to do sth
= It’s time for sb for sth
It’s time for us to have lunch
= it’s time for us for lunch
2. 花某人时间干某事 It takes (took )sb time to do sth
It takes him an hour to do homework every day.
It wil