考研的英语信息.docx

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考研的英语信息
关于考研的英语信息
JonathanSwift(1707-1754)
Greatestsatirist;
Twopartypolitics;ToryorHighChurchpartycomposedoftheoldCavaliers,theroyalists;WhigPartycomposedofPuritansympathizersandprogressivefreethinkerswhobelievedinreligioustoleration,atleastforProtestants.
TheBattleoftheBooks---asatireonthecorruptionoflearning,aquarrelbetweenancientsandmoderns,whethertheancientormodernwritingswereofgreatervalue;
TheTaleofaTub---asatireonthereligiousdisputesamongdifferentbranchesofChristianchurch.
AModestProposal.
Gulliver’sTravels----acombinationofpoliticalallegory,moralfable,socialanatomyandmockUtopias,setwithinaskillfulparodyoftravelfictionandjournalsofscientificexploration.
Book1:adetailedpoliticalallegoryofthereignsofQueenAnneandGeorgeIofEngland.
Thecorruption,politicalandreligiousstrife,thesocialvices.
Book2:amockutopia;theinhabitantsofBrodingnagaresuperiortohumanbeingsbothinwisdomandinhumanity.
Book3:aflyingislandofLaputa,containingcriticismofthewesterncivilizationanddealsingwithdifferentmalpracticesandfalseillusionsaboutscience,philosophy,historyandimmortality.
Book4:thelandHouyhnms,wherethehorsesarenoble,cleverandreasonablebeings;theYahoos,hairy,manlikecreature,aregreedy,envious,cruel,.
Instructure,thefourpartsmakeanorganicwhole,,manisobservedfrombothendsofatelescope,theexaggeratedsmallnessandtheexaggeratedlargeness.
Asawhole,thebookisoneofthemosteffectiveanddevastatingsatiresofallaspectsinthethenEnglishandEuropeanlife----socially,politically,religiously,philosophically,.
Causedcriticalcontroversy;mistakenforamisanthropist.
,butonthosewho,corruptedbytheirpassionorself-interest,misusestheirreasontodeceiveandenslave.
Swift’ssatireisusuallymarkedbyanoutwardgravityandanapparentearnestness,.
Style:alwayssimple,directandprecise;clear,simple,concretediction,uncomplicatedsentencestructure,economyandconcisenessoflanguage.
Themajorsatiricaldevices:
Allegory—.
High-heelsandLow-heels;Big-EndiansandSmall-Endians
Irony---,betweenthesurfacemeaningandhisrealintention.
Invective—,,onbehalfofhumanity,againstevilinhumansociety.
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