(发育生物学）VII 植物发育.ppt

Developmental Biology
Chapter 7: Plant development
Plant development
1 The model and uniqueness of plant development
An overview of plant development
The fundamental difference between plant and animal development
2 Embryonic development
Plant embryos develop through several distinct stages
Patterning of the basic body plan in plant embryos
Specification and formation of the apical meristems
3 Post-embryonic development (Organogenesis)
Vegetative growth (Root, Shoot and Leaf development)
Reproductive growth (Flower development)
An overview of plant development
The fundamental questions in developmental biology are similar for plants and animals.
How does the fertilized egg give rise to the adult body?
How does that adult body produce yet another body?
Many of the general regulatory mechanisms we have encountered in animal development are all present in plants:
Asymmetric cell division
Lateral inhibition
Cell signaling
The logic for pattern formation
Despite the similarities between plant and animal development, the differences are evident among the two groups of anisms:
Different ways of cell-munications
The existence of rigid cell walls and the lack of large cell movements
Environment has a much greater impact on plant development than on that of animals
The fundamental differences between plant and animal development (I)
Plant cells are surrounded by a framework of relatively rigid cell walls. There is therefore virtually no cell migration in plants, and morphogenesis of the developing plant can not be achieved by the cell movement. Instead, a plant’s architecture is very much the results of stereotyped(程式化) patterns of cell division.
Differences in rates of cell division
Division in different planes
Directed enlargement of the cells
In plants, most of the development occurs in the growing phase after germination (post-embryonic stages), rather in the embryo as in animals.
Unlike an animal embryo, the matur