【新步步高 人教版】2016届高三英语大一轮复习课件 语法专题《专题5 定语从句》.ppt

专题五定语从句
语法专题
定语从句的考查要点
语法填空
语法与写作
1
定语从句的考查要点
:相当于形容词,修饰名词或代词,在句中作定语。
:定语从句置于被修饰词之后。
Those who are for the plan raise your hands,please.
:被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词。
先行词一般是名词和不定代词,如:some­-,any­-,every-­和no­与­-body,­-thing的合成词;或all,none,any,some,that,those等代词。数词也可以作先行词,人称代词也同样可作先行词。
:连接先行词与从句的词叫关系词。
关系代词:who,whom,which,that,whose,as等
关系副词:when,where,why等
:
(1)先找先行词,看先行词指的是什么。
(2)看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。
注意:先行词与关系词是等量关系。
(1)先行词在从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。
This is the place which is worth visiting.
(2)关系词在从句句子中充当了成分,其意思就是先行词的意义,所以在从句中不能重复其意。
There are many places we can visit (them) in China.
,当先行词指物时,下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which:
(1)当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。
(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much,the only,the very,few等修饰时。
(3)先行词为all,much,little,none,few,something,anything等不定代词时。
(4)先行词中既有人又有物时。
He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels that filled his bus.
(5)先行词在主句中作表语时。
The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago.
(6)当主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时。
Which are the books that you bought for me?
:
(1)在非限制性定语从句中。
(2)在关系词前有介词时。
(3)当先行词本身是that时。
(4)关系词后有插入语时。
,也有不同情况分别用不同的关系词。
(1)当主句是there be句型时,关系词用who。
(2)先行词是anyone,those,someone,everyone,one等词时,关系词用who。
(3)当主句是who作疑问词时,关系词用that。
Who is that girl that is standing by the window?
(4)whom在从句中只作宾语,可被who取代。
,在从句中作定语。
Do you know Mr. Smith whose story is very moving?
There is a room,whose window faces the river.
、宾语和表语。
(1)先行词被such和the same修饰,或句型as many(much)中,从句都用as 引导。
Such books as you bought are useful.
The school is just the same as it was 10 years ago.
注意:①such...that...引导结果状语从句。如:They are such lovely children that we love them much。②the same...that...引导定语从句。如:I want to use the same tool that you used just now.