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(旅游概论英文课件)S#1 Definition theory.pptx


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文档列表 文档介绍
Definition theory and its application
Supplement#1
2017/10/17
1
******@LKSTH
Outline
What is “definition theory”?
An example
Further readings
Q&A
2017/10/17
2
******@LKSTH
What is definition theory?
Generally speaking, “definition theory” refers to systematic knowledge of definition, regarding its nature, causes, consequences and how to give definitions
What is a definition?
Definition = definiendum 被定义项+ definiens 定义项
To define is to give the definiendum a definiens
Classification
Designated definition 规定定义
Lexical definition 辞典定义
Precise definition 精确定义
Theoretical definition 理论定义
Persuasive definition 说服定义
2012-9-26
******@LKSTH
3
What is definition theory?
Why is definition needed?
A way of understanding/ knowing sth.
To reduce/eliminate ambivalence 模糊/ambiguity 歧义
To detect/ prevent false or poor logics/ arguments
What can definitions affect?
Depth of understandings
Quality of scientific research
2012-9-26
******@LKSTH
4
What is definition theory?
How to define a term?
To find the denotation 外延 of the term
Ostensive 实指法
Paradigmatic 范例法
To find the connotation 内涵 of the term
Genus and difference 属加种差法
2012-9-26
******@LKSTH
5
What is definition theory?
How to define a term?
Cont.’
My five-step genus-and-difference method
Step 1: to identify a term (definiendum)
Step 2: to identify all phenomena this term usually refers to
Step 3: to identify the shared attributes of these phenomena via genus and difference approach
Step 4: to clearly describe the attributes with plain language (definiens)
Step 5: to evaluate the quality of the definiens
2012-9-26
******@LKSTH
6
An example
Our mission: to define “human”
Step 1: to identify a term (definiendum)
we need to define this term, . “human”/人…in any possible languages
2012-9-26
******@LKSTH
7
An example
Step 2: to identify all phenomena this term usually refers to
the denotation of “human” is all that we call humans
White people, yellow people, black peop

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