肠杆菌科概述、埃希菌属.ppt

肠杆菌科Enterobacteriaceae
教学大纲
肠道杆菌的共同特征及分类
引起肠道感染的大肠埃希菌种类和致病特点
大肠埃希菌的微生物学检查法
大肠埃希菌的卫生细菌学检查及其意义
Enterobacteriaceae
A heterogeneous group of G- rods
Their natural habitat is the intestinal tract of humans and animals (enteric bacilli)
Facultative anaerobes or aerobes
Most are normal flora
Regular pathogen for humans: Salmonella, Shigella, some E. coli
More than 30 genera, 120 species
New findings in gastrointestinal bacteria
2006, Nature, Jeffrey Gordon, director of the Center for Genome Sciences at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri, and his graduate student Buck Samuel
Methanobrevibacter smithii (M. smithii)
Discovery Channel “Gut Bacteria Determine Fat or Thin”
“I’m not fat, I’m just got fat bacteria”
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肠杆菌科细菌的生物学特征
生化反应:活泼
生化鉴定(biochemical differentiation):发酵葡萄糖; 触酶阳性; 氧化酶阴性; ***盐还原阳性
乳糖发酵
致病菌:多不发酵乳糖
非致病菌:多发酵乳糖
O-F试验
氧化型
发酵型
产碱型
氧化酶试验阳性:紫红色阴性:无色
***盐还原试验阳性:红色阴性:淡黄色