基于FPGA直流电机的PWM控制转速闭环系统设计.doc

基于FPGA直流电机的PWM控制转速闭环系统设计
Based on FPGA direct current machine’s PWM
control rotational speed closed loop department
摘要
在电力拖动系统中,调节电枢电压的直流调速是运用最广泛的一种调速方法,而PWM控制技术具有主电路简单、开关频率高、电流容易连续谐波少、低速性能好、稳速精度、高调速范围宽等优点,所以直流PWM调速系统的应用日益广泛。转速、电流双闭环控制直流调速系统具有良好的静态、动态特性,是应用最广的直流调速系统。本课题是设计一个转速、电流双闭环的H型双极式PWM直流调速系统。在该系统中运用EDA技术,基于FPGA可编程逻辑控制器件,用VHDL语言编程实现PWM控制。本设计主要采用IGBT管是因为它通流能量强、开关速度快、热稳定性好,所需驱动电路功率小而且驱动电路简单。因为双极式控制电路在工作时,可能4个开关器件都处于开关状态,而且在切换时可能发生上、下桥臂直通的事故,为了防止直通,在上、下桥臂的驱动脉冲之间,要设置逻辑延时。本设计主要完成了H型双极式PWM直流调速系统的主电路、转速调节器、电流调节器、检测反馈环节和过流保护环节等的电路设计以及参数的计算,并按双闭环的工程设计方法进行了转速调节器和电流调节器的参数的设计。
关键词:直流电机,双闭环控制,PWM直流调速系统,IGBT
ABSTRACT
In the electric drive system, the most widespread one velocity modulation method is adjusts the armature voltage the direct-current velocity modulation utilizes, but the PWM control technology has the main circuit to be simple, the turn-on frequency is high, the electric current easy continual overtone to be few, low-speed performance good, steady fast precision, high governor deflection wide and so on merits, therefore directs current the PWM velocity modulation system's application to be day by day widespread. The rotational speed, the electric current double closed-loop control cocurrent velocity modulation system has the good static state, the dynamic characteristic, applies the broadest direct-current velocity modulation system. This topic is designs a rotational speed, electric current double closed loop H double-pole type PWM the direct-current velocity modulation system. Utilizes the EDA technology in this system, based on the FPGA programmable logical ponent, realizes the PWM control with the VHDL language programming. This design mainly uses the IGBT tube is because its throughflow energy is strong, the shutter speed is quick, the thermostability is good, and the driving circuit power to be small moreover the driving circuit to be simple. Because double-pole type control circuit in work time, the possible 4 ponent to be at on-off state, moreove