探讨小儿急性腹痛的临床观察与护理措施.doc

探讨小儿急性腹痛的临床观察与护理措施
黑龙江省五大连池市龙镇农场医院 164135
摘要:目的探讨并研究总结小儿急性腹痛的临床观察及护理要点。方法此次研究的对象是选择50例典型小儿急性腹痛患儿,将其临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果经过全面细致的观察与护理,平均住院时间15 d,治愈率100%。经治疗后所有病例均得到病情缓解直至痊愈出院,无一例死亡病例。结论护士在护理工作中了解小儿急性腹痛的特点,实施严密的病情观察及护理要点,可以预见病情变化,对于医生的诊治、减少患儿并发症的发生均有重要意义。
关键词:小儿;急性腹痛;观察;护理
Abstract:Objective To investigate and study the clinical observation and nursing points of children with acute abdominal 50 cases of children with acute abdominal pain were selected and their clinical data were retrospectively prehensive careful observation and nursing,the average length of stay was 15 d,the cure rate was 100%.After treatment,all cases were relieved until they were discharged from the hospital,none of the patients nurses in the nursing work in understanding the characteristics of children with acute abdominal pain,the implementation of strict observation and nursing can foresee changes in condition,to the doctor's diagnosis and treatment,reduce the occurrence plications of patients has important significance.
Key words:children;acute abdominal pain;observation;nursing
急性腹痛在临床内科、外科都很常见,是指腹腔内及盆腔和腹膜后的组织器官发生急剧的病理变化,而产生以腹痛为主要症状和体征、伴全身反应的临床综合征。临床上急性腹痛最多见,腹痛有内脏痛、腹膜刺激痛及牵扯痛(放射痛)三种。急、快、重、变化多端是其病程特点[1]。小儿急性腹痛也是儿科的多发病和常见病,起病急、变化及进展快是其主要特点。小儿急性腹痛多定位
不明,因神经发育不完全,中枢兴奋性低,对疼痛等刺激不敏感,加上小儿表达不清,常常无明显腹肌紧张却已形成腹膜炎,而当有明显的腹膜刺激征时,病情也已经很严重。患儿往往哭闹不停也不能清楚全面描述病情、病史,很容易引起误诊。护理小儿急