simile and metaphor-课件（ppt精）.ppt

Definition Of Simile
Simile is a kind of rhetorical method connecting two different things which have mon features by using the words “as” or “like”. In general, simile is a figure of speech that expresses a resemblance between things of different kinds (usually formed with “like” or “as”)
明喻(Simile)是常用as或like等词将具有某种共同特征的两种不同事物连接起来的一种修辞手法。明喻的表达方法是:A像B。说甲像乙,也就是说本体像喻体。明喻的本体、喻体、比喻词都出现,能明显地看出是在打比方的比喻词:“像(如、若……”、“(如、若……似的”、“像(如、若)……一般”、“好比(好像、犹如、仿佛)……”等。
My heart is like a singing bird.
(我的心像一只歌唱的小鸟。)
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Parts
The expression method is: a is like b. It is said that ontology is like metaphors. Usually, it contains three parts:
the ontology/subject/tenor (本体),
metaphors/reference/vehicle (喻体)
and the metaphor words/indicator of resemblance/simile marker (比喻词).
It can be clearly seen in terms of parable word like “such as, if...”, “such as though, if…” or “like…”, “as if”, “as though”,“as…as”,“as it were”
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Examples
Army and people are as inseparable as fish and water.
军队和人民像鱼水一样不可分离.
Soldiers like the country’s steel wall, guarding the frontier
of frontier
战士就像国家的钢铁长城一样,守卫祖国的边疆
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在英语中,也有很多****语也属于明喻
As busy as a bee (极为忙碌)
As cross as a bear(怒气冲冲)
Like the bolt from the blue(晴天霹雳)
To follow like sheep(盲从)
To spring up like mushrooms(雨后春笋)
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英语中有时也用所有格(The Genitive)表示比喻
When I was your age ,I used to get up early in the morning, doing some physical exercises outdoors.
有些复合词(pound words)也有比喻之意,最常见的就是加---like 表示“像……”
Childlike(像孩子般的) dreamlike(像梦一般的)
Snow-white(像雪般白的) paper-thin(纸一般薄的)
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生动形象的明喻
My love is like a red, red rose
That’s newly sprung in June;
My love is like a melody
That’s sweetly played in tune
(Robert Burns)
啊,我爱人象红红的玫瑰,在六月里苞放;啊,我爱人象一支乐曲,乐声美妙、悠扬。
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任何明喻必须具备以下条件:
(1)本体和喻体分属不同性质的事物并同时出现在句中;
猫的眼睛像老虎的眼睛。
The tiger is as brave as the lion.
It is not a simile, because the pared have too many points of resemblance.
(2) 主体和喻体必须在某一点上(声色、形状、性质、功能等)相似,即有所谓的相似点;(similarity)
The diamond is as blue as the great
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常用比喻词有:
(3) 用比喻词之类的引导方式引导