双边投资协议对外商直接投资的促进作用——多还是少？【外文原文】.pdf

Rev World Econ (2010) 146:147–177
DOI -009-0046-x
ORIGINAL PAPER
FDI promotion through bilateral investment treaties:
more than a bit?
Matthias Busse • Jens Ko¨niger • Peter Nunnenkamp
Published online: 2 February 2010
Ó Kiel Institute 2010
Abstract Policy makers in developing countries have increasingly pinned their
hopes on bilateral investment treaties (BITs) in order to improve their chances in the
petition for foreign direct investment (FDI). However, the effective-
ness of BITs in inducing higher FDI inflows is still open to debate. It is in several ways
that we attempt to clarify the inconclusive empirical findings of earlier studies. We
cover a much larger sample of host and source countries by drawing on an extensive
data set on bilateral FDI flows. Furthermore, we account for unilateral FDI liberal-
ization, in order not to overestimate the effect of BITs, as well as for the potential
endogeneity of BITs. Employing a gravity-type model and various model specifica-
tions, including an instrumental variable approach, we find that BITs do promote FDI
flows to developing countries. BITs may even substitute for weak domestic institu-
tions, though probably not for unilateral capital account liberalization.
Keywords FDI Á Multinational corporations Á Bilateral investment treaties
JEL Classification C33 Á F21 Á F23
1 Introduction
Foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows are widely perceived to be superior to other
types of capital inflows. Apart from offering additional investment resources, FDI
may help host countries foster economic development by offering access to
M. Busse Á J. Ko¨niger
Department of Economics, Ruhr University Bochum, Universita¨tsstrasse 150,
44801 Bochum, Germany
P. Nunnenkamp (&)
Kiel Institute for the World Economy, Hindenburgufer 66, 24105 Kiel, Germany
e-mail: peter.******@ifw-
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148 M. Busse et al.
internationally available technologies and managerial know-how, rendering it easier
f