跨文化交际——动物文化差异.ppt.ppt

Animals
Made by
张志荣
白晓菲
马菊
英汉动物词语
的比喻和联想
——文化意义比较
同一动物词表达同一内涵
as black as a crow
与乌鸦一般黑
as cowardly as a rat
胆小如鼠
as sly as a fox
像狐狸一样狡猾 foxy
a wolf in sheep’s clothing
披着羊皮的狼 sex wolf
duck's egg 鸭蛋(零分)
pig ——愚蠢、笨拙、脏乱、好吃懒做
汉语:
猪朋狗友
泥猪疥狗
人怕出名猪怕壮
英语:
He had been a pig about money. 他对钱贪得无厌
make a pig of oneself 吃得过多
buy a pig in a poke
乱买东西,盲目跟从
snake
汉语:蛇——一种爬行动物,体形柔软易弯曲,在行走时,蜿蜒曲折前行
蛇行 snake its way through

表示“阴险”、“毒辣”、“狡诈”。
That snake in the grass reported me to the boss .那个口蜜腹剑的家伙到老板那里告了我一状
ass/ donkey
汉语:笨驴——指人“愚、笨”
黔驴技穷,呆若木驴
英语:an ass = a foolish person
make an ass of sb 糊弄某人
Send a donkey to Paris, he'll return no wiser than he goes.
I have been like the frog living at the bottom of the well who thought the world was a little round pool of water, imagining that our girls here were unmatched; but now, without searching for a field ,here on this very spot I see others who surpass them.
可知我“井底之蛙”,成日家只说现在的这几个人是有一无二的;谁知不必远寻,就是本地风光,一个赛似一个。
——曹雪芹:《红楼梦》
同一动物词表达不同文化内涵
chicken
汉语:
形容“小与平凡”:宁为鸡头,无为牛后
有志向的人及时奋发:闻鸡起舞
古人常用鸡来守夜报时:雄鸡一唱天下白
常用于占卜、驱邪、祭祀等
特殊语境下带贬义
英语:
胆小鬼,懦夫:
He is not a chicken! He just doesn’t want to offend anyone! 他不是胆小鬼,他只是不想得罪任何人。
cock (公鸡) 因其打鸣不时吵到人,所以被称a cock –and –bull story(无稽之谈):  He told us some cock-and-bull story about having lost all his ,告诉我们他把钱都丢了。
但毕竟报时“有功”,因此是cock of the walk (领头人),可以live like fighting cocks(吃得好),未免cock-a-hoop (得意洋洋的)
cock-crow 黎明
Dog 狗
英语:dog= man’s best friend
Every dog has his 
a gay dog 快活的人、好玩的人
top dog 有优势的人或团体
see dog 老练的水手
a lucky dog 幸运的人
love me, love my dog 爱屋及乌,爱吾及犬
但dog也有形象不佳之时。如:dog eat dog(注意eat为原形),意指“人们自相残害”;a dog in the manger喻“占着茅坑不拉屎的人”