英语阅读理解正确项及干扰项特点.docx

该【英语阅读理解正确项及干扰项特点 】是由【雪山飞狐教育】上传分享，文档一共【14】页，该文档可以免费在线阅读，需要了解更多关于【英语阅读理解正确项及干扰项特点 】的内容，可以使用淘豆网的站内搜索功能，选择自己适合的文档，以下文字是截取该文章内的部分文字，如需要获得完整电子版，请下载此文档到您的设备，方便您编辑和打印。—英语阅读理解正确选项与搅乱选项的特点第一节正确选项常常是依照原文的词或句进行语意变换一般来说,阅读理解测试中要求找出主要事实或特定细节的问题,在文章中均可找到回答。但是,需要注意的是,这些问题的表述常常不是采用文章中的原话,而是依照原文的词或句进行语意变换。一、利用原文词句的同义词句或相似结构,变换表达形式。【考例1】Shrilkhasgreatpotential,,foundineverythingrangingfromshrimpshells,,anditsmassproductionpossibleshoulditbeusedforproductsdemandingalotofmaterial.(2012湖南卷C篇),【考例2】“WeshowthatEasternersandWesternerslookatdifferentfacefeaturestoreadfacialexpressions,Jacksaid.“Westernerslookattheeyesandthemouthinequalmeasure,whereasEasternersfavortheeyesandneglect(忽略)themouth”(2010湖南卷C篇)、利用原文词句的反义词或相反结构,变换表达形式。【考例3】Yetdespitethat,%saidtheydidn’,35%%ofchildrenleaveprimaryschooleachyearunabletoreadproperly.(2007山东B)【考例4】WhenIputonmyflashlights,Iwassayingtootherdrivers,weakanddoingthebestIcan.”Andeveryoneunderstood.“,,knowingthedriverinfrontofthemwasinsomewayweak.(2011广东卷A)Whatdidtheotherdriversdowhentheysawtheflashlights?、经过词性变化,变换表达的形式【考例5】ZackHocking,theheadofChildTrustFunds,said:“It’spossiblethatonegoodthingtoarisefromthedownturnwillbeagenerationthat’sfinanciallywiserandbetterequippedtomanagetheirmoneythroughtimesofeconomicuncertainty.(2009”山东D)AccordingtoHocking,、使用原文的词句的上下义结构,变换表达形式。【考例6】Universityapplicationsrose7%lastyear,%jump,withpeople’srenewedinterestincareersinthe部pubic门),sector(risis.(2009山东D)。常用的搅乱手段有哪些。搅乱项的以下特点:(一)偷梁换柱。搅乱项用了与原文相似的句型结构和大部分相似的词汇,却在不易引人注意的地方换了几个词汇,造成句意的改变。【考例1】(2011湖南卷A篇)Whenfirstentered,VanakRestaurantdoesnotlooklikemuchofarestaurant,butoncethepleasantsmellsofkabob(烤肉串)hitthesenses,,thisPersianrestauranthasaninviting,,,【考例2】(2011湖南卷A篇)AcommonsightisthatofoldPersianmensittinginthecornertalkingloudlyaboutworldtopics,,drinkingablackteaknownasPersianchai,andreadinglocalPersiannewspapersallthewhiletryingtofinishofftheirplatespiledwithfood..?..(二)在推理判断中利用词的表面意义来设置搅乱推理判断要求在理解原文表面信息的基础上,做出必然的判断和推论,从而获取文章的隐含意义,要注意不能够以文字的表面含义代替推理。【考例1】2010湖南卷B)Butshehasn',shedescribesthatawfulday,almost40yearsago,whenshereceivedtwopiecesoflife-,shehadlostthebabyshewascarrying,andsecond,,sheleftthehospitalandtreatedherselftoaboxofdoughnuts(甜甜圈).Yearswouldpassbeforesherealizedshehadtogrowup—again—andtakecontrolofherdiabetes,-pack-a-daycigarettehabit,eheraddictiontoalcohol,-changingnews,【考例2】McKay’swarrecordsweredestroyedduringaWorldWarIIairbombingonLondonanexplanation—,thankstotheeffortsofBroadandhisstudents,amarkerinMcKay’smemorywaontheuniversitygroundsinNovember2007.“IfoundmyeyesfillingwithtearsasIreadtheword‘deceased阵’(亡)nexttohisname,”saidCoreyEverrett,astudentwhofoundapictureofMckayinhisuniform.“Thiswassuchasimpleexampleofthefactthathehadbeenstudentajustlikeus,butinsteadoffinishinghistimeatWestern,)”(【考例3】.(2009湖北)Afewyearsago,PaulGernerbegantogatheragroupofarchitectsinLasvegastoaskthemwhatitwouldtaketodesignapublicschoolthatused50percentlessenergy,costmuchlesstobuildandobviouslyimprovedstudentlearning.”Ithinkhalfofthemfellofftheirchairs,”GernersHowdidthearchitectsreacttoGarnersdesignrequirements’?.【考例4】,Iimmediatelyrecognizedthatsomethingwaswrong,-month-oldcalfstrugglinginthefast-risingwater,anditwasalife-and-,,,,aswellasshedid,thattherewasonespotwhereshecouldgetupthebank,,Iheardthesoundofamother’,roaring(吼叫)allthetime,buttohercalfitwasmusic.(2009宁夏)Howdidthecalffeelaboutthemotherelephant'sroaring?.(三)以偏概全。把文章中的事实和细节当主旨,把片面的、次要的见解看作主要见解。在猜想文章或段落马虎、标题以及释义题中,搅乱项总是以偏概全,详尽表现为:(1)把文章中的次要看法、细节混进表现文章主要见解、中心思想的选项(2)把高出文章谈论的东西亦作为归纳或结论混进选项。(3)把段落的主旨看作文章的主旨。【考例1】,essto,,,ifthedemandforthosegoodsismuchgreaterthanthesupply,,,HigherPrices【考例2】,bygoldonthewatchchain,ordingtotheculturewelivein,ordingtotheculturewelivein.(2005北京D)WhatcanweconcludefromParagraph2?.【考例3】,youwillseebothchildrenandgrown-upsknockingaballaboutwithastickorsomething,asifinBritainmenshallalwaysremainboysandwomengirls!Still,itcanneverbebadtogetexercise,canit?(四)张冠李戴。把一个事物的特点说成是另一个事物的特点,因果倒置(把因说成就,把果说成因);把他人的见解说成是作者的见解。命题者把文章作者的见解与他人的见解混淆起来,题干问的是作者的见解,选项中出现的倒是他人的见解;也许题干问的是他人的见解,却把作者的见解放到选项中去。【考例1】Manyyearsago,whenIwasfreshoutofschoolandworkinginDenver,Iwasdrivingtomyparents’(加油站)about50milesfromOklahomaCity,(收款台),as.(2006全国A)【考例2】Asthepaperburns,itneedsoxygenandusesuptheoxygen(air),,!,【考例3】,’:【考例4】AyearagoAugust,,Gerrie,wasstillworkinginthelocalschoolcafeteria,butworkforDavewasscarce,—$7,000,alegacy(遗产)fromtheirneighborsIshandArleneHatch,“Itreallywhenweweregoingunderfinancially.”saysDave山东.(2009A)Accordinggothetext,【考例5】’vestudiedtheeffectofstatetaxincreasesyears,findingthatsmokers,especiallyteens,,,theyraisemoneyandmostparticularly,theydeterpeoplefromtakingupthehabitasteens,?(2009山东C).(五)【考例1】Unlikeher1995autobiography,AfterAll,hersecondbookislessaboutlifeasanaward-winningactressandmoreaboutlivingwithdiabetes(糖尿病).AllthemoneyfromthebookisintendedfortheJuvenileDiabetesResearchFoundation(JDRF),anizationsheservesasinternationalchairman.“Ifelttherewasaneedforabooklikethis,”shesays.“Ididn'twbutIwantedotherdiabeticstoknowthatthingsgetbetterwhenwe'reself-controlledanddoourpartinmanagingthedisease.”湖(2010南卷B)。【考例