英国光伏电站规划(英).ppt

该【英国光伏电站规划(英) 】是由【youyicheng】上传分享，文档一共【41】页，该文档可以免费在线阅读，需要了解更多关于【英国光伏电站规划(英) 】的内容，可以使用淘豆网的站内搜索功能，选择自己适合的文档，以下文字是截取该文章内的部分文字，如需要获得完整电子版，请下载此文档到您的设备，方便您编辑和打印。ResearchBriefing8November2023ByFeliciaRanklPlanningforsolarfarmsSummary1Background:://to/solar-panels-on-a-green-field-4148472/,,‘Legalhelp:wheretogoandhowtopay’,,******@.Readersshouldbeawarehoweverthatbriefingsarenotnecessarilyupdatedtoreflectsubsequentchanges.******@,.******@’sgreenhousegasemissionsby100%’.Tomeetthistarget,thegovernmenthassettheaimof“afullydecarbonised,reliableandlow-costpowersystemby2035”.posedpredominantlyofwindandsolar”.Thegovernmentintendstoachieveafivefoldincreaseinsolarpowerby2035(fromacapacityof15GWto70GW).,inEngland:?Solarfarmswithageneratingcapacitybelow50megawatts(MW)needplanningpermissionfromthelocalplanningauthority(LPA).?Solarfarmswithageneratingcapacityabove50MWneeddevelopmentZero,becausetheyarenationallysignificantinfrastructureprojects’(NSIPs).,,-scalesolarfarms(below50MW)LPAsinEnglandwilldecideapplicationsforsmaller-“impactsare(orcanbemade)acceptable”.Governmentguidancestatesthatthere“arenohardandfastrulesabouthowsuitableareasforrenewableenergy[developments]shouldbeidentified”.,governmentguidancegenerallyguidesdevelopmentawayfromthe“bestandmostversatile”agriculturallandandstatesthatmanyrenewableenergydevelopmentsarenot“appropriate”,8November2023PlanningforsolarfarmsPoliciesforlarge-scalesolarfarms(above50MW)Zerowilldecideapplicationsforlarge--“presumptioninfavourofgrantingconsenttoapplicationsforenergyNSIPs”.Itwouldalsoadvisethatsolarfarmsshouldbesitedonpreviouslydevelopedandnon-,%ofground-mountedinstallations(thathaveacapacityofatleastonemegawatt)thatarealreadyoperationalorareawaiting/,suchasthecountrysidecharityCPRE,haveexpressedconcernthat“valuablefarmland”isoften“thelocationofchoiceforsolardevelopments”.CPREhassaiditis“essential”,suchasSolarEnergyUK,havearguedthat“solarfarmsposenothreattotheUK’sfoodsecurity”(PDF).Theyalsopointtothemulti-functionaluseofland,forexample,grazingsheeponsolarfarms,,thecumulativeinstalledcapacityofsolarsystemsintheUKwas15gigawatt(GW).Thegovernmentintendstoachieveanalmostfivefoldincreaseinsolarpowerby2035(atotalgeneratingcapacityof70GW).mittee,mittee,saidmeetingthistargetwouldbe“challenginggivenexistingbarriersandcurrentratesofdeployment”(PDF).Thegovernment’mitteealsosaidcurrentdeploymentrateswere“significantlyofftrack”.“upgradingtheelectricitygridisacrucialprerequisitezero”(PDF).5CommonsLibraryResearchBriefing,8November2023Planningforsolarfarms1Background:TargetsandstatisticsSolarfarms(alsoknownassolarparksorpowerstations)areinstallationsofmultiplesolarphotovoltaic(PV)-scaleinstallations,whichareusedbyhouseholds,-,ground-?Solarpanelsaremadeupofphotovoltaic(PV)-conductingmaterial(usuallysilicone).Whenexposedtosunlight,(orotherfluids).Solarthermalsystemsareusuallyinstalledatsmallerscalestoprovidehotwaterand/,,theUKGovernmentsetalegallybindingtargettoreduceitsgreenhousegasemissionsby80%,theUKGovernmentraisedthe80%targettoa100%,Howdoessolarpowerwork?|Solarenergyexplained,lastupdatedMay20232RenewableEnergyHub,GroundMountedSolarPanelSystems,April2023;RenewableEnergyHub,EverythingYouNeedtoKnowAboutSolarFarmRequirements,April20233NationalGridESO,Howiselectricitygeneratedusingsolar?,undated[accessed23August2023];NationalGrid,Howdoessolarpowerwork?|Solarenergyexplained,lastupdatedMay2023C),Alegaldutytoact,undated[accessed23August2023]ClimateChangeAct2008;ClimateChangeAct2008(2050TargetAmendment)Order2019456CommonsLibraryResearchBriefing,8November2023PlanningforsolarfarmsForfurtherinformationabouttheUKGovernment’stargets,seetheLordsLibrarybriefingClimatechangetargets:zero?.Thedevolvedadministrationshavealsosetlegallybindingtargetstoreduceparedwith1990levels:WalesandNorthernIrelandfor2050,‘fullydecarbonised’powersystemby2035zerotargetisbyreducingitsrelianceonfossilfuelsandincreasingtheuseofrenewableandlow-carbonenergysources,(December2020)ZeroStrategy(October2021),thegovernmenthassettheaimof“afullydecarbonised,reliableandlow-costpowersystemby2035”.Itsaidthat“alow--zeroconsistentposedpredominantlyofwindandsolar”,althoughitnotedthatthese“intermittentrenewables”plementedwithtechnologiesthatcangeneratepowerflexibly,(a78%paredto1990levelsby2035),thegovernment’mittee(CCC)projectedthatsolarpowerwouldneedtoprovide60terawatthours(TWh)(GW)(GW)ofsolarpowerby2035Oneofthegovernment’saimsisto“rampup”thedeploymentofrooftopandground-mountedsolarsystemstoachieveafivefoldincreaseinsolarpowerby2035(from14GWin2022to70GW).11Thegovernmentsaiditwouldseek:?mercialandindustrialproperties.?thelarge-scaledeploymentofground-mountedsolaronbrownfield,industrial,andlow-andmedium-,Climatechangetargetsandcarbonbudgets,lastupdatedNovember2022;ClimateChangeAct(NorthernIreland)2022ClimateChange(Scotland)Act2009,asamendedbytheClimateChange(EmissionsReductionTargets)(Scotland)Act2019;ScottishGovernment,Reducinggreenhousegasemissions,undatedZeroStrategy:BuildBackGreener,’sten-pointplanforagreenindustrialrevolution(November2020).DESNZandBEIS,Energywhitepaper:zerofuture,December2020;DESNZandZeroStrategy:BuildBackGreener,lastupdatedApril202289,SixthCarbonBudget:theUK’Zero,December2020,,Britishenergysecuritystrategy,lastupdatedApril2022;DESNZ,PoweringupBritain,lastupdatedApril202312DESNZ,PoweringupBritain:EnergySecurityPlan(PDF),lastupdatedApril2023,,8November2023PlanningforsolarfarmsmendationsmadebyChrisSkidmoreMPintheindependentzero(January2023),thegovernmentalsosaiditwouldsetupagovernment–,settingoutstep-by-“effectiveplanningsystem”,thegovernmentsaidmittedtoensuringfaster,fairerandmoreeffectiveplanningregimes”.14Forfurtherinformationaboutthecurrentplanningsystemandproposedreforms,’sthedifferencebetweenwattsandwatt-hours?Awatt(W)anditsmultiples(suchasmegawatt,MW,andgigawatt,GW),thatis,themaximumamountofpoweritcangenerateataparticulartimeunderidealconditions(indirectsunlightandattherightangle,amongotherfactors).Thehigherthewattageofasolarsystem,-hour(Wh),,,(upfrom30megawatts(MW),inJanuary2010).16Thisincludessolarsystemsofanysize,bothsmall-scalesolarsystemsthatareinstalledbyhouseholdsfortheirdirectconsumptionandlarge--,Zero(SkidmoreReview),January2023;DESNZ,Zero:Governmentresponse,March2023,mendation2614DESNZ,PoweringUpBritain,lastupdatedApril202315EnergySavingsTrust,Yourguidetosolarpanels(PDF),July2023;TheEcoExperts,SolarPanelOutput:HowMuchElectricityDoTheyProduce?,lastupdatedFebruary202316DESNZ,Solarphotovoltaicsdeployment,lastupdatedJuly2023[accessed23August2023]8CommonsLibraryResearchBriefing,8November2023PlanningforsolarfarmsCumulativeinstalledcapacityofsolarpower(inGW)intheUKCumulativeinstalledcapacitybyinstallationsofdifferentsizes>25MW14121085MWto52MW50kWto5MW64<50kW202010201220142016201820202022Source:DESNZ,Solarphotovoltaicsdeployment,lastupdatedJuly2023[accessed23August2023]Asshowninthechartabove,-in-TariffschemeandtheRenewableOb