英国自然资源.doc

该【英国自然资源 】是由【小吴】上传分享，文档一共【14】页，该文档可以免费在线阅读，需要了解更多关于【英国自然资源 】的内容，可以使用淘豆网的站内搜索功能，选择自己适合的文档，以下文字是截取该文章内的部分文字，如需要获得完整电子版，请下载此文档到您的设备，方便您编辑和打印。GeographyoftheUnitedKingdomFromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopediaJumpto:navigation,,orUK,,610squarekilometres(94,060sqmi),upiesthemajorpartoftheBritishIsles[1]archipelagoandincludestheislandofGreatBritain,thenorth-easternone-°Nand59°N(theShetlandIslandsreachtonearly61°N),andlongitudes8°Wto2°,inSouthEastLondon,,eswithin35km(22mi)ofthenorthwestcoastofFrance,,,,000squarekilometres(94,600sqmi),comprisingtheislandofGreatBritain,thenortheasternone-sixthoftheislandofIreland(NorthernIreland),at130,410squarekilometres(50,350sqmi),772squarekilometres(30,410sqmi),[2]issecondlargest,,covering20,758squarekilometres(8,010sqmi)and14,160squarekilometres(5,470sqmi),thelargestcountry,,427km2–SouthWest[3]–EastofEngland–23,837km219,120km2SouthEast[4]–EastMidlands–YorkshireandtheHumber–NorthWest[5]–WestMidlands[6]–NorthEast[7]–London[8]19,096km215,627km215,420km214,165km212,998km28,592km21,572km22Scotland[9]78,772km23Wales[10]20,778km24NorthernIreland13,843km2UnitedKingdom243,820km2Overseasterritories1,727,570km2TheBritishAntarcticTerritory,whichcoversanareaof1,709,400km2isgeographicallythelargestoftheBritishOverseasTerritoriesfollowedbytheFalklandIslandswhichcoversanareaof12,,',withuplandormountainousterrainonlyfoundnorth-westoftheTees-,thePennines,,,,,at388squarekilometres(150sqmi),thelargestbodyofwaterintheUKandIreland.[11]binedforcesoftectonicsandclimatechange,,:GeologyofGreatBritainandGeologyofIrelandplexanddiverse,,essivecontinentalcollisionshaveaffecteditsgeologicalstructurewithmajorfaultingandfoldingbeingalegacyofeachorogeny(mountain-buildingperiod),,theUKshowsarichvarietyoflandscapes.[12]TheoldestrocksintheBritishIslesaretheLewisiangneisses,metamorphicrocksfoundinthefarnorthwestofScotlandandintheHebrides(withafewsmalloutcropselsewhere),whichdatefromatleast2,700Ma(Ma=millionyearsago).,,whatisnowGreatBritainwassplitbetweentwocontinents;thenorthofScotlandwaslocatedonthecontinentofLaurentiaatabout20°southoftheequator,,,theeastcoastofNorthAmericaandsouth-eastNewfoundlandbrokeawayfromGondwanatoformthecontinentofAvalonia,whichby440Mahaddriftedtoabout30°,,binedlandmasscollidedwithLaurentiaatabout20°south,-,producingupliftandsubsequenterosion,,coveredbythewarmshallowwatersoftheRheicOcean,duringwhichtimetheCarboniferousLimestonewasdeposited,,,thesourceofthemajorityofBritain'-urred,againduetocollisionofcontinentalplates,–,-,GreatBritainmovedawayfromtheequatoruntilitwasbetween20°and30°,°and40°,,greensands,ooliticlimestoneoftheCotswoldHills,,theCretaceoussawtheformationoftheAtlanticOcean,,theseasstartedtofloodthelandagainuntilmuchofBritainandIrelandwereagainbelowthesea,,nownotablyexposedattheWhiteCliffsofDoverandtheSevenSisters,,,olumnsoftheGiant',wasresponsibleforthefoldingofstratainsouthernEngland,producingtheLondonBasinsyncline,theWeald-othesouth,theNorthDowns,,,andfurthersediments,suchastheLondonClay,,withiceupto1,000m(3300ft),000to424,000yearsago,,whichendedamere10,000yearsago,,theU-shapedvalleysoftheLakeDistrictanderratics(blocksofrock),,generallyestimatedat1mm(1/25inch)peryear,,344metres,::Scotland:BenNevis,1,344metresWales:Snowdon(Snowdonia),1,085metresEngland:ScafellPike(CumbrianMountains),978metresNorthernIreland:SlieveDonard(MourneMountains),852metresTherangesofmountainsandhillsintheUKinclude:Scotland:Cairngorms,ScottishHighlands,SouthernUplands,GrampianMountainsWales:BreconBeacons,CambrianMountains,Snowdonia,BlackMountains,PreseliHillsEngland:CheviotHills,Chilterns,Cotswolds,Dartmoor,LincolnshireWolds,Exmoor,LakeDistrict,MalvernHills,MendipHills,NorthDowns,PeakDistrict,Pennines,SouthDowns,ShropshireHills,YorkshireWoldsNorthernIreland:MourneMountains,AntrimPlateau,SperrinMountainsThelowestpointoftheUKisintheFensofEastAnglia,inEngland,;ListofriversoftheUnitedKingdom;(220mi,354km):England:RiverThames(215mi,346km)Scotland:RiverTay(117mi,188km):RiverBann(76mi,122km)Wales:RiverTywi(64mi,103km)Thelargestlakes(bysurfacearea)intheUKbycountryare::LoughNeagh(,)Scotland:LochLomond(,)England:Windermere(,)Wales:LlynTegid(BalaLake)(,)ThedeepestlakeintheUKisLochMorarwithamaximumdepthof309metres(LochNessissecondat228metresdeep).ThedeepestlakeinEnglandisWastwaterwhichachievesadepthof79metres(258feet).ArtificialwaterwaysMainarticles:WaterwaysintheUnitedKingdom,CanalsofGreatBritain,ReservoirsanddamsintheUnitedKingdomAsaresultofitsindustrialhistory,theUnitedKingdomhasanextensivesystemofcanals,mostlybuiltintheearlyyearsoftheIndustrialRevolution,,supplyinglessthan2%