unit 15 Assessment in Language Teaching.ppt

Assessment in Language Teaching
In this unit, we are going to discuss how to
conduct assessment in language teaching. We will
mainly talk about the following:
1. what is assessment? How is it different from evaluation and testing?
2. The purposes of assessment.
3. The methods of assessment.
4. The criteria for assessment.
5. The principles for assessment
6. Tests in language assessment
美国中小学教师评价的方法
美国学者提出的各种中小学教师评价方法,可以按照“评价者身份”和“评价资料来源”这两个标准进行分类,属于前一种类型的教师评价方法包括:教师自评、同行评价、行政人员评价、学生评价、家长评价等;属于后一种类型的教师评价方法包括:课堂观察、面谈、测验、学生学业成就、教学档案、教学录像、问卷调查等。就美国中小学教师评价的实际情况来看,常用的评价方法包括:课堂观察、学生成就、档案袋、同行评价等。
课堂观察
课堂观察——最为传统的一种教师评价方法。目前,美国中小学使用的教师评价手册,一般都要求校长对每位教师进行3至6次的课堂观察。这种评价方法的特点或要求是:课堂观察应该是一种自然观察;更应该被看作是一个过程而不是结果;校长应该学会从教师的观点出发考虑问题。
学生成就
学生成就——通常被作为评价教师的依据。美国学者认为,教师评价可以有两种依据:一种是根据“教师所做的事”,即教师的教学表现;另一种是根据“教师所获得的最终结果”,即学生的学业成绩。前者是教师评价的“输入”模式,后者则是“输出”模式。在美国,“输入”模式历史悠久,“输出”模式正在扩大影响。
档案袋
档案袋——新出现的一种教师评价趋势。这种评价方法允许教师自由选择评价资料,建立自己的教学和发展档案袋,强调教师对评价信息的自主选择。档案袋没有标准形式,每个教师可以依据自己的目标和兴趣建立不同的档案袋。档案袋综合了教师工作的过程和结果,展现出教师工作的复杂性和变化性,因而可以为教师评价提供丰富的信息。
同行评价
同行评价——受到学者的普遍关注。重要原因是这种评价可以弥补行政主导的评价不足,获得更多有关教师表现的详尽资料。同时,这种评价可以为教师提供他们渴望得到的关于自己教学的建设性反馈,以促进教师的专业发展。
Understanding assessment
Test 1:
What is assessment? The following is a list of understanding given by different teachers about assessment. Tick the ones that are closest to your understanding. pare and discuss them with a partner.
It’s to do with testing.
Finding out how good you are at something.
I use it to keep a check on my learners, by spelling tests, small quizzes and things like that.
It is an on-going process which focuses on the whole life of our school. Finding out if we are being effective
I feel as though it’s a big stick hanging over our beads, teacher evaluation and all that.
Finding out strengths and weaknesses of our students and ourselves.
I use tests in my classroom. I also use quizzes—as a way of keeping a check on the students’ learning. I also mark their work, sometimes with a grade but usually ment.
It is