建筑施工安全生产目标责任书及建筑工地文明施工管理责任书.doc

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Organizational Culture and the Environment The Constraints
1. INTRODUCTION.
Managers must be aware anizational culture anizational environments will influence both the way anization is managed as well as its effectiveness. In this chapter, anizational culture anizational environment are explored in order to understand plexities involved with each.
MANAGER: OMNIPOTENT OR SYMBOLIC?
Two positions on the role that managers play in anization’s ess or failure have been proposed.
The omnipotent view of management says that managers are directly responsible for the ess or failure of anization. This view of managers as omnipotent is consistent with the stereotypical picture of the take-charge executive who can e any obstacle in carrying out anization’s objectives. anizations perform poorly, someone must be held accountable. According to this view, that “someone” has been management.
The symbolic view of management takes the view that much of anization’s ess or failure is due to external forces outside managers’ control. managers do affect greatly are symbolic . Organizational results are influenced by factors outside the control of managers: economy, market changes, governmental policies, competitors’ actions, the state of the particular industry, the control of proprietary technology, and decisions made by previous manager in anization. 3. The man