纳米材料的性能及应用.ppt

纳米材料的性能及应用
主要内容
引言及纳米材料概述
1
纳米材料的制备
2
3
纳米材料的应用
4
纳米材料的表征
一、引言及纳米材料概述



What is Nanotechnology?
• What does “nanotechnology” mean?
• What has nanotechnology done?
• What can we expect it to do?
• Is it an evolution or a revolution?
• How will it change industries?
• How will it change our lives?
Nanoscience and nanotechnology concerns
objects that are extremely small.
How small?
Bigger than atoms, but smaller than you can
see with a light microscope.
1 ~ 100 nanometers
(3-4 atoms side by side = 1 nm)
“纳米是什么?”
纳米其实是一种长度单位,1纳米是1米的十亿分之一,相当于十个氢原子一个挨一个排起来的长度。20纳米相当于1根头发丝的三千分之一。
What is Nanotechnology?
Nanotechnology is about:
• Making small objects
• Manipulating small objects
• Creating new materials by varying the size
of the objects
• Building structures from small objects
Why moving into nanoworld
A. Intellectual drive
•Miniaturization is of interest
Less space, faster, less materials, less energy
•More important:
Novel properties/phenomena/process
-New structure and functions; Engineering beyond nature
Unity and generality
-At the building blocks of all natural/artificial things, systems
Most efficient length scale for manufacturing
-Less energy than for subatomic or macroscopic
Transcendent effects: at the confluence of steams
-Living/non-living; interdisciplinary; Relevance areas
B. Promise of nanotechnology
(example of societal implications)
Knowledge base: prehension of nature, life􀀄
A new world of products: -$1trillion/ y in 10-15years
-Materials beyond what chemistry can do:$340B/y in 10 years for materials and processing, (estimation by industry group)
-Electronnics in 10-15 years: $300B/Y for semiconductor industry, times more for global integrated circuts (estimation by SIA)
-Pharmaceutics in 10-15 years about half of production will depend on nanotechnology, affecting about $180B/Y
–Chemical plants in 10-15years:nanostructured catalysts in petroleum and chemical processing about $100B/Y
–Aerospace