非限定性分句.ppt

从属结构(二)
非限定性分句
(Non-finite Clause)
一. 不定式分句的句法功能
作主语:
To accept the job would mean moving to Florida.
作宾语和宾语补语:
He promised to stop taking drugs.
I advised him to take a taxi, or he might be late.
作状语(目的、结果、原因):
表示目的
He opened the window (so as / in order) to get some fresh air.
表示结果
It was too cold for us to go out.
He hurried home only to find that his father was dead.
表示原因
I am delighted to know that you have got a job.
I trembled to think of the misfortune.
二、-ing分词分句的句法功能
Generally speaking, this book is not very difficult.
作主语
Flying a plane is dangerous.
作宾语
I like getting up early.
作宾语补语
I taught him speaking English.
作时间状语
Climbing to the top of the tower, we saw a magnificent view.
作原因状语
Being a hardworking young man, he is praised by all his fellow workers.
作条件状语
You will make yourself more tired, keeping on your feet.
作让步状语
Knowing all this , they still insisted on my paying for the damage.
作结果状语
It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that area.
三、-ed分词分句的句法功能
作后置定语
One of the houses wrecked by the storm belonged to my grandfather.
作时间状语
Heated, the metal expands.
作原因状语
Deeply moved, he thanked her again and again.
作条件状语
United, we stand; divided, we fall.
表示伴随状况
He went to Beijing that winter, disguised as merchant.
作让步状语
Beaten by the police and sent to jail, Gandhi (甘地)invented the principle of nonviolent resistance.(非暴力抵抗主义)
莫罕达斯·卡拉姆昌德·甘地(英文:Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi;1869年10月2日-1948年1月30日),尊称圣雄甘地,是印度民族主义运动和国大党领袖。他既是印度的国父,也是印度最伟大的政治领袖。他带领国家迈向独立,脱离英国的殖民统治。他的“非暴力反抗”的主张,也就是他说的“nonviolent protest”,影响了全世界的民族主义者和那些争取和平变革的国际运动。
四、无动词分句
无动词分句,就结构模式来说,分为不带从属连词、带有从属连词和带有自己主语三类:
不带从属连词的无动词分句
由形容词表示:
Speechless, Victor Henry nodded and sat on a folding seat.
Right or wrong, I have given him a piece of mind (坦率的话,心里话).