道路方向外文翻译英文版.doc

I. VEHICLE AND HUMAN FACTORS
Three ponents affect driving: the vehicle, the roadway/environment, and the driver. In this chapter, vehicle and driver characteristics and how they are affected by the environment and physical properties of the roadway are identified. The characteristics and performance of motor vehicles play a major role in defining the fundamentals of traffic flow and capacity. Human behavior also contributes to the characteristics of traffic flow on a facility.
MOTOR VEHICLE CHARACTERISTICS
This section summarizes the operating characteristics of motor vehicles that should be considered in analyzing a facility. The major considerations are vehicle types and dimensions, turning radii and offtracking, resistance to motion, power requirements, acceleration performance, and deceleration performance. Motor vehicles include passenger cars, trucks, vans, buses, recreational vehicles, and motorcycles. These vehicles have unique weight, length, size, and operational characteristics. The forces that must be e by motor vehicles if they are to move are rolling, air, grade, curve, and inertial resistance. The weight/power ratios are useful for indicating the overall performance in ing these forces. Exhibit 8-1 summarizes typical motor vehicle weight and power for different vehicle types.
Vehicle acceleration and deceleration rates are factors in designing traffic signal