Unit1 动词不定式的用法总结.doc

Unit1 动词不定式的用法总结
动词不定式由:“to +动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“not to do”。不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。不定式具有名词特征,可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语,但不能单独作谓语。
不定式的用法:
作主语。
不定式短语作主语时,往往放在谓语动词后,用it 作形式主语。
To see is to believe.
It is possible to live an independent and fulfilling life.(P4)
作宾语。
不定式短语作宾语时,如果还带有宾语补足语,往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后,而用it作形式宾语。常见的带不定式作宾语的动词,begin, continue, hope, decide, want, wish, try, learn, afford, agree, manage, refuse等等。
He wanted to go.
I find it interesting to study English.
I have learned to adapt to my disability.(P2)
作宾语补足语。
(ask, tell, order, cause, allow, want, like , advise, force, permit, get等)
He asked me to do the work with him.
注意:在feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch, have, let, make等词后的补足语中,不定式不带to,但是这些句子如果变成被动结构,就必须带to。
I often hear him sing the song.
He is often heard to sing the song.
She was invited to e the headteacher of the first online school for disabled students.(P4)
作定语。
不定式作定语常放在所修饰的名词或代词的后面。
Let us give him something to eat.
He is looking for a room to live in.
The family village website gives ordinary young people with a disability the chance to tell their personal stories.(P2)
作状语。
表目的,原因,结果或条件。
①目的状语可用:in order to, so as to
I came here to see you.
Check position so as to avoid mistakes.
Next year he will be trained to be a teacher.(P1)
②结果状语可用:enough to, so…as to, too…to, only to…