东寨港红树林吸血蠓的物种多样性.doc

海南大学
毕业论文(设计)
题目:东寨港红树林吸血蠓的物种多样性
学号:
姓名:
年级:
学院:环境与植物保护学院
系别:
专业:植物保护
指导教师:
完成日期: 2016年 5 月 17 日
摘要
红树林是生长在热带、亚热带海岸潮间带或河流入海口的木本植物群落,是适应陆地与海洋过渡带的一种特殊森林类型。由于其独特的海陆过渡特性,红树林具有极大的社会、经济、生态价值。红树林作为重要的海岸湿地类型是国际上湿地生态保护和生物多样性保护的重要对象。吸血蠓是一类微小型昆虫,隶属双翅目, 蠓科。有吸血****性的蠓侵袭人畜,传播疾病,作为病原体的宿主,是一类重要的医学昆虫。采用传统的形态学分类特征对吸血蠓进行鉴定极易混淆,更难进行地理分布与遗传多样性分析,近年来迅速发展的分子鉴技术为解决吸血蠓遗传及鉴定等问题提供了有效的手段。本论文综合利用网捕、人诱和灯诱的方法对海南东寨港红树林的吸血蠓类进行系统采集,基于形态共成功鉴定出6种库蠓,包括棒须库蠓Culicoides clavipalpis、环基库蠓Culicoides circumbasalis、霍飞库蠓Culicoides huffi、尖喙库蠓Culicoides oxystoma、帛琉库蠓Culicoides peliliouensis 和Culicoides ornatus 种团;系统研究了6种库蠓翅的色斑类型、翅脉和翅室的异同,并根据翅的特征编写了检索表;此外,成功测定了6种库蠓的DNA条形码基因COI的基因序列。该研究为吸血蠓类昆虫的分子鉴定奠定了基础,科为蠓类昆虫的防治提供理论依据。
关键词:吸血蠓;形态鉴定;分子鉴定;DNA条形码;红树林
Abstract
Mangrove is growth in tropical and subtropical coast intertidal zone or river mouth of woody munity, is to adapt to the land and ocean transition zone is a kind of special forest types. Because of its unique sea-land transition characteristics of mangrove is of great social, economic and ecological value. Mangrove as an important coastal wetland types are international wetland conservation and biodiversity protection of important objects. Vampire midge is a kind of small insects, diptera, midge. Midge affect human and animal blood sucking habits, disease transmission, as the host of pathogens, is a kind of important medical insects. Using traditional morphological classification feature of vampire midge confusing verification, harder to geographical distribution and ic diversity analysis, in recent years the rapid development of molecular learning techniques to solve the vampire midge ic provides an effective way and the problem of identification. Comprehensive utilization of the trap, this paper induced and trap method to the port of Hainan Dongzhaigang mangrove vampire midge systematically collected, based on morphology were essfully identified six midge, including Culicoides clavipalpis, Culicoides circumbasalis, Culicoides huffi, Culicoide