Formation and Repair of Tobacco Carcinogen-Derived Bulky DNA Adducts.doc

SAGE-esstoResearch
JournalofNucleicAcids
Volume2010,ArticleID709521,29pages
doi:
ReviewArticle
oCarcinogen-Derived
BulkyDNAAdducts
BoHang
LifeSciencesDivision,DepartmentofCancerandDNADamageResponses,LawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratory,
Berkeley,CA94720,USA
CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoBoHang,******@
Received20May2010;Revised16July2010;Accepted17September2010
AcademicEditor:AshisBasu
Copyright©,which
permitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperlycited.
-relatedDNAadducts
plex
mixturesofcarcinogenssuchaspolycyclicaromatichydrocarbonsandN-,whichusually
plex structure, are particularly important because of their biological relevance. Several known cellular DNA repair
pathwayshavebeenknowntooperateinhumancellsonspecifictypesofbulkyDNAadducts,forexample,nucleotideexcision
repair,baseexcisionrepair,anddirectreversalinvolvingO -
6
themechanismsofadductformationandrepairprocessesiscriticalfortheassessmentofcancerriskresultingfromexposureto
cigarettesmoke,
ocarcinogen-associatedgenotoxicand
carcinogeniceffects.

Fourtypesofsmokehavebeenclassifiedsofar[5]:(1)
Mainstreamsmoke(MSS),bustion
o was traded from North America to the world
about 500 years ago. Since then, o use by smoking
cigarettes, cigars, and pipes, or by chewing, has wreaked
havoc on mankind. Nearly billion people are active
smokers worldwide [1], who also pose a threat of indirect
exposure to even more nonsmokers through secondhand
smoke(SHS,osmoke,
ETS).ountsfor30%ofallcancerdeaths.
BasedontheInternationalAgencyforResearchonCancer
(IARC),cigarettesmokingisassociatedwithcancersi