9erobbins_09Planning Tools and Techniques计划工具和几乎.ppt

Planning Tools and Techniques
Chapter9
© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved.
L E A R N I N G O U T L I N E Follow this Learning Outline as you read and study this chapter.
Techniques for Assessing the Environment
List the different approaches to assess the environment.
Explain petitor intelligence is and ways that managers can do it legally and ethically.
Describe how managers can improve the effectiveness of forecasting.
List the steps in the benchmarking process.
Techniques for Allocating Resources
List the four techniques for allocating resources.
Describe the different types of budgets.
Explain what a Gantt chart and a load chart do.
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© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. *
L E A R N I N G O U T L I N E (cont’d) Follow this Learning Outline as you read and study this chapter.
Techniques for Allocating Resources (cont’d)
Describe how work analysis works.
Understand how pute a breakeven point.
Describe how managers can use linear programming.
Contemporary Planning Techniques
Explain why flexibility is so important to today’s planning techniques.
Describe project management.
List the steps in the project planning process.
Discuss why scenario planning is an important planning tool.
3
© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. *
Assessing the Environment
Environmental Scanning
The screening of large amounts of information to anticipate and interpret change in the environment.
Competitor Intelligence
The process of gathering information petitors—who they are; what they are doing
Is not spying but rather careful attention to readily accessible information from employees, customers, suppliers, the , petitors themselves.
May involve reverse engineering peting products to discover technical innovations.
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© 2007 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. *
Assessing the Environment (cont’d)
Environmental Scanning (cont’d)
Global Scanning
Screening a broad scope of information on global forces that might affect anization.
Has v